The four-hour workshop toggled between lectures and hands-on activities. Our goal in this workshop was to train participants to recognize the characteristics that are meaningful markers of production method and source. Yet at the same time, as handmade items, each varies in ways that may seem random to the casual observer. Ceramics are used for utilitarian cooking vessels, serving and storage vessels, pipes, funerary urns, censers, musical instruments, ceremonial items, masks, toys, sculptures, and a myriad of other art forms. ). Lipid residues in pottery from the Indus Civilisation in northwest India. Early Neolithic Pottery (c. 4000 – 3000 BC) 1. e.g. Rims may be decorated with oblique or trans parallel incisions or impressions. no decoration and MIDDLE IRON AGE SHELLY WARE (300 – 200BC) Soft, grey-brown fabric, large shell inclusions, unglazed but sometimes EARLY IRON AGE Recent scientific developments and statistical techniques have further contributed to this analysis of pottery. McCarthy, M. and 1988 Medieval Pottery in Britain AD 900-1600. Decoration on neck parallel vertical incisions. Shire Archaeology. How to Identify Colonial-Era Pottery. Pottery in Archaeology. East Anglian Archaeology Report No. The Standard applies to any archaeological project that involves the collection and analysis of pottery, e.g. 13. 7. The answers are written in the clay. archaeology terms, written scheme of investigation, which describes the methodology to be followed, strategies for recovery, sampling and selection, the resources required, a timetable for completion and a breakdown of costs. Take a pottery class! Legislation to Protect the Titanic Moves Forward, Historic Preservation Advocacy Week –Advocating on Capitol Hill, Coalition for Archaeological Synthesis (CfAS), #SHA2018 Session: How to Advocate for Archaeological Preservation in the New Political Climate, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 United States License. Once the paste type is identified, it is necessary to identify the general category of surface treatment. I research coarse earthenware production and trade in the Atlantic World. After years spent digging through boxes of wasters and kiln furniture from pottery production sites, and many hours spent with microscopes, mass spectrometers, and pottery wheels, we have come to recognize some key patterns for earthenware and stoneware identification. Dr. Kelley Hays-Gilpin directs traditional archaeological research on pottery traditions in the northern Southwest, in collaboration with our national parks, forests, and other agencies, tribes, and museums. Many community colleges or parks and recreation departments offer classes for adults. Flint tempered. Because pottery is so durable, pottery and shards of pottery survive from millennia at archaeological sites, and are typically the most common and important type of artifact to survive. A Guide to Georgia Indian Pottery Types By Mark Williams, University of Georgia and Victor D. Thompson, University of Georgia . Once you start playing with clay and watching it transform into fired pots, you’ll gain a greater understanding of and appreciation for these wares. To help identify your artifacts or to learn more about them, click on the illustration next to the topic title to see all of the various types of each major topic. From so-called ‘sparkly-ware’ to the early-modern equivalent of ‘ironic’ hipster crockery, here’s how to identify 12 types of pot you’d expect to turn up at a medieval dig. Earthenware briquettes, illustrating how temperature affects color, texture, and density. 1.3 Structure If you’re permitted to make fresh breaks, use a set of tile nippers to obtain a small clean cross-section to examine. The next step involves the surface treatment. The final step in identifying a pottery type is to analyze the decoration. It is important to identify paste type and surface treatment first, because the same decorative elements can occur on several different paste types and surface treatments. We eventually met, and learned that we had distinct but complementary interests in these collections. This is the most specific of the elements identifying a ceramic type. General Pottery Identification- a general guide to pottery types found in Cambridgeshire from Neolithic through to Medieval. Not all pottery used during the Colonial period originated in America. All archaeological projects, including the re-analysis of pottery in curated collections, should This web site is a modified version of our publication on the same subject published in the journal Early Georgia, the journal of the Society for Georgia Archaeology… The Lithics Site is a resource for archaeological lithic analysts and contains a number of links pertient to the study of lithics. GROUND STONE TOOLS . In spite of years of the so-called quantitative approaches to ceramic analyses including mean dating, South’s pattern analysis, and most recently the DAACS’s recording methodology, the basics of identifying specific potters and their products is alive and well. As a team-taught course, it will include both the handling of materials and the discussion of case studies. At this year’s SHA annual meeting, we led a workshop that had been several years in the making, “Clear as Mud: A Toolkit for Identifying Coarse Earthenwares and Stonewares.”. Journal of Archaeological Science , 2021; 125: 105291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2020.105291 Cite This Page : Mildenhall Pottery 2. The course will offer practical guidance in the identification of the many types of pottery found on the seabed around the UK. Collage of earthenware and stoneware images. Leiston Abbey is one of Suffolk’s most beautiful upstanding medieval ruins. McCarthy, M. and 1988 Medieval Pottery in Britain AD 900-1600. Native American pottery is an art form with at least a 7500-year history in the Americas. Many pottery guides are text based and contain a small number of illustrations, however, these sheets are colour photograph based so users can see and easily recognise their finds. In this brief experience, we only introduced a small fraction of the body of knowledge to be gained from these artifacts. Pottery in archaeology Introduction. forms of locally produced pottery for cooking and storage. The first step in identifying a pottery type should be the identification of paste type. The identification of pearlware has proven to be somewhat problematic for the archaeologist and others. Archaeology news: Ancient pottery reveals meat-heavy food habits of Indus Civilisation ARCHAEOLOGISTS examining ancient ceramic vessels have concluded those living in … These 18 Pottery and Flint Identification Sheets were produced to help Leicestershire and Rutland Fieldwalkers identify the finds they collect. Many pottery guides are text based and contain a small number of illustrations, however, these sheets are colour photograph based so users can see and easily recognise their finds. For archaeologists, pottery can be both exciting and mundane. Pottery comprises an important component of archaeological sites for, of all the classes of artifacts, it yields the richest record of date, social status, household routine, and trade. You can click on the glossary links to see examples of paste types and colors. The following is a basic introduction to pottery in archaeology, focusing particularly on the ceramics of the medieval period. Hand-made into thick uneven forms. Pottery Identification Guide covered in vertical cut lines, giving it the name ‘Scored Ware’. The Standard also applies to the analysis and re-interpretation of pottery studied previously and now in storage, for instance in a museum collection. Constitution of The Society for Historical Archaeology, Bylaws of The Society for Historical Archaeology, Memorandum of Agreement By and Between the SHA and the ACUA, SHA Sexual Harassment and Discrimination Policy, Call for Nominations: The SHA James Deetz Book Award, Call for Nominations: John L. Cotter Award, Call for Nominations: Kathleen Kirk Gilmore Dissertation Award, University of Florida Press Co-sponsored Publications, Academic and Professional Training Committee, Grants, Fellowships, Awards, and Competitions, Public Education and Information Committee. 8. As part of archaeologists’ daily work to discover more about the past, pottery is fundamental to the comprehension and dating of archaeological contexts, and for a better understanding of the dynamics of production, trade flows, and social interactions. Pottery is fired ceramics with clay as a component. Pottery, although one of the plainest handmaidens of archaeology, serves many purposes in archaeological research, helping us to answer questions of “when,” “where,” “who” and sometimes even “why.” These handsome volumes put this somewhat mundane category of artifacts in the spotlight it … On the one hand, a particular piece of pottery might be extremely interesting due to its design, or important due to its date and location on a dig site. Many regional sequences of Woodland period To help identify your artifacts or to learn more about them, click on the illustration next to the topic title to see all of the various types of each major topic. A Guide to Georgia Indian Pottery Types. Pottery Identification Guide covered in vertical cut lines, giving it the name ‘Scored Ware’. Rolled or thickened rims. The “emery board” texture of London-area redware, the gleam of a well-salted Westerwald stoneware are difficult to capture in pictures. Type definitions also incorporate additional information about dates, origins, costs and functions of pottery. On the one hand, a particular piece of pottery might be extremely interesting due to its design, or important due to its date and location on a dig site. This is the most basic and fundamental tool for dating archaeological periods. Welcome to the Maryland Archaeological Conservation Laboratory’s Diagnostic Artifacts in Maryland website. Register Today for October’s Historic Preservation Conference in DC! Pay attention to inclusions, clay mixing, and texture. Clearly, a commodity variously labeled "blue and white ware," or "blue and green edge table service" was being marketed in the United States in contradistinction to creamware by 1790 (Hume 1972:235). A Guide to Georgia Indian Pottery Types. The following is a basic introduction to pottery in archaeology, focusing particularly on the ceramics of the medieval period. Ceramic research continues to be a mainstay of historical archaeology endeavors. This workshop idea arose because both of us have been frustrated by the issues plaguing coarse earthenware and stoneware identification in archaeological collections. Round bases and angular shoulders. 4. The Jamestown Ceramics Research Group was formed to identify and define all the ceramic ware types that appear on pre-1650 Jamestown and vicinity sites. In the post-workshop survey, responses have been evenly split between those who found the lectures most useful, and those who learned more from the hands-on activities, with several responses valuing both equally. Constructing ceramic sequences by assigning pottery samples to types that relate to specific geographic regions and time periods is an important archaeological tool for understanding prehistoric culture. Introduction to Ceramic Identification – Historical Archaeology Introduction to Ceramic Identification Our ceramic type collection and associated database are organized around the concept of “ceramic type”, which is a concept typically used by historical archaeologists to identify, classify and compare pottery. We also set up a digital microscope with mounted sherd cross-sections, to show how characteristic aplastic inclusions could point to a vessel’s source. Hand-made into thick uneven forms. This page is intended to illustrate the basic principals of visual ceramic type identification, which will allow users to access additional information. Better identification of these wares has a big payoff for research, from improved mean ceramic dates (MCDs) and site chronologies, to providing evidence … FirstEdition,1876;SecondEdition,1877;ReprintediZ-]^,1886; withcorrectionsandadditions,1894. Comparative Mission Archaeology Portal (CMAP), Introducción a la Identificación Cerámica, Surface displacement, penetration or addition (Punctates, incising, applique etc. Prehistoric Ceramics: Guide to Native American Pottery of South Carolina is maintained by SCIAA and introduces the reader to the pottery we find in SC and the literature that defines it. Keep a microscope on hand for ceramics analysis. Online galleries are great, but they can’t substitute (yet) for the tactile and three-dimensional nature of the objects themselves. excavation, field evaluation, watching brief and surface recovery. Neolithic and Early-Mid Bronze Age Pottery Identification- a more in-depth guide to Neolithic and Early-Mid Bronze Age Pottery found in Cambridgeshire If you want to really understand the handmade pottery in your collections, we recommend the following: Lindsay analyzing sherd under the microscope. Pottery in Archaeology For archaeologists, pottery can be both exciting and mundane. 5. In other words, we love to get very technical about clays, kilns, and all things pottery-related! So, we packed up our study collections and brought the many boxes with us to New Orleans. 6. Attributes like firing cores and glazing patterns can be tied to specific production practices that may have temporal, geographic, or ethnic connections. This site has been created to provide an introduction to some of the most significant types of datable artifacts recovered from archaeological sites in Maryland. Archaeology Finds Identification Links and downloads for archaeology find information and associated subjects. All rights reserved. Kennett, D. 1989 Anglo-Saxon Pottery. When I (Lindsay) first started visiting archaeological collections from historic kiln sites in the mid-Atlantic for my dissertation research, I found time and again that the same researcher had already been there: Brenda Hornsby Heindl. Cibola White Ware Identification Flowchart - University of Arizona Anasazi Painted Pottery in the Field Museum of Natural History - 1940, somewhat outdated but a good source of photographs (archive.org) Zuni Potsherds - 1916, A. L. Kroeber's early description of pottery from the Zuni area (archive.org) Alpine Archaeological Consultants, Inc. PO Box 2075 Montrose, CO 81402 March 2005 The intent of this handbook is to provide site recorders with little or no background in historic artifact identification sufficient information so that they can provide consistent descriptive information about the artifacts and site features they are observing. Local Studies Jennings, S. 1981 Eighteen Centuries of Pottery from Norwich: The Norwich Survey. It was important to us that the participants learned as we did, by being able to handle and study a variety of broken and complete pots. Flint-temp… Lindsay Bloch, Ceramic Technology Lab, Florida Museum of Natural History, Brenda Hornsby Heindl, Ceramics Department, Jeffrey S. Evans and Associates, Liberty Stoneware, On October 18-19, 2012, Marion Werkheiser of Cultural Heritage Partners PLLC –  SHA’s government affairs…, The Society for Historical Archaeology (SHA), with the assistance of Cultural Heritage Partners, PLLC (CHP),…, by: Rebecca Allen (Environmental Science Associates), Sara Mascia (Historical Perspectives, Inc.), and Joe Joseph (New…. At the front of the room we laid out a table of earthenware vessels and a table of stoneware vessels, each piece illustrating different technological and origin markers. We recognize that many archaeologists are working with limited study collections or without access to identified materials. Local Studies Jennings, S. 1981 Eighteen Centuries of Pottery from Norwich: The Norwich Survey. These 18 Pottery and Flint Identification Sheets were produced to help Leicestershire and Rutland Fieldwalkers identify the finds they collect. Leicester Brooks, C. University Press. Researcher Akshyeta Suryanarayan said it was possible to identify specific compounds and fatty acids in the fats and oils absorbed by the pottery and … Kennett, D. 1989 Anglo-Saxon Pottery. Participants sorted these in various ways, as they learned about kiln firing temperature and atmosphere, surface treatments and vessel form. Interpreting Pottery This course offers an in-depth assessment of the archaeological and anthropological potential of ceramic-based studies. Includes pottery, glass, clay pipes, metal, wood, dung, floatation. GROUND STONE TOOLS . Leicester. The aim is to provide participants a basic understanding of the principal classes of pottery used in Britain and beyond. The stratum excavated can be dated by the pottery found in it. 13. Decoration on some bowls, more later in the period. This section contains artifacts developed by Native Americans through a peck and grind technology or that were used in that process. Website content © The Society for Historical Archaeology, 2015-2021. Better identification of these wares has a big payoff for research, from improved mean ceramic dates (MCDs) and site chronologies, to providing evidence for trade at all levels, from very local to global. Mark Williams, University of Georgia and Victor D. Thompson, University of Georgia. Mark Williams, University of Georgia and Victor D. Thompson, University of Georgia. However, we hope that some of our participants now agree that “clear as mud” doesn’t have to be an oxymoron when it comes to historic pottery production. Maybe next year we’ll bring a wheel to St. Charles? You can click on the links to see examples. Dr Suryanarayan said: “The study of lipid residues involves the extraction and identification of fats and oils that have been absorbed into ancient ceramic vessels during their use in the past. For these reasons, many archaeologists fall back on general categories such as “American Stoneware” or “Redware,” lumping sherds into large groups that are not very useful analytically. forms of locally produced pottery for cooking and storage. The Florida Museum of Natural History’s online type collections of historic period archaeological ceramics (1492-1850) is a fully searchable digital resource. Most types of historic ceramics (that is, post-1492 ceramics of European origin or inspiration) are classified according to three primary attributes: Each “type” of ceramic has a unique combination of paste, surface treatment and decoration that is not found in that combination on any other “type”. Diagnostic Artifacts In Maryland. We provided each table with a pile of sherds representing different ware types, vessel forms, and sources. Lipids are relatively less prone to degradation and have been discovered in pottery from archaeological contexts around the world. This section contains artifacts developed by Native Americans through a peck and grind technology or that were used in that process. You’ll discover there’s a lot more variation than you thought. Leicester Brooks, C. University Press. Our ceramic type collection and associated database are organized around the concept of “ceramic type”, which is a concept typically used by historical archaeologists to identify, classify and compare pottery. A new app developed thanks to EU-funded research will greatly facilitate this process for archaeologists. Pottery is non-organic and as such it endures through time and can be easily found during excavations as intact vessels or pottery sherds. Archaeologists give distinct names to each style of pottery, and the most common ones found in Maryland are described in this section of the website. While the conditions in the conference room were arctic, feedback from the workshop has been very positive. Cracking pottery identification in the digital age The recognition of pottery types from their fragments is key to dating and understanding the context of archaeological sites. Brenda is a stoneware potter, and has focused her recent research on historic kiln and ceramic production technology. These wares are ubiquitous, and superficially share a number of characteristics. Generally there is no single attribute, but a constellation of attributes that together are diagnostic. Prehistoric, Greek, and Roman Pottery Course Pottery is central to the study of archaeology in the Mediterranean. Leicester. Shire Archaeology. Predominately ‘S’ profile bowls with rolled rims and carinated shoulders. Brenda at a pottery wheel illustrating throwing techniques. Decoration includes specific design motifs, colors and iconographic elements. Differences in style and fabric helps pottery specialists to identify vessels which are not of local manufacture. These wares also tend to lack the defined date ranges we have come to expect for most historic ceramics. Dr. Suryanarayan said: "The study of lipid residues involves the extraction and identification of fats and oils that have been absorbed into ancient ceramic vessels during their use … The bibliography at the end provides references to more detailed and comprehensive sources. East Anglian Archaeology Report No. As the most numerous finds from survey and excavation, ceramics not only provide our main chronological frameworks but also direct insights into a range of issues from ancient economies to questions of identity and agency. A “type” refers to a category of ceramics that shares a consistent, specific and unique combination of physical attributes (such as paste type, color of decoration, kind of glazing, etc.). The study of pottery has become increasingly important over the past century, providing the archaeologist with information on many aspects of the past, including chronology, trade and technology. 3. As archaeologists we need more opportunities to handle unfamiliar artifacts and share diagnostic materials. Also incorporate additional information are relatively less prone to degradation and have discovered... 18 pottery and Flint identification Sheets were produced to help Leicestershire and Rutland Fieldwalkers the..., costs and functions of pottery be the identification of the principal classes of pottery from Norwich the... Pottery is fired ceramics with clay as a component t substitute ( )... Constellation of attributes that together are diagnostic most basic and fundamental tool for archaeological. Early Neolithic pottery ( c. 4000 – 3000 BC ) 1. e.g includes specific design motifs colors. Period originated in America to inclusions, clay mixing, and has focused her recent research on historic kiln ceramic. Arose because both of us have been frustrated by the issues plaguing earthenware. Expect for most historic ceramics research continues to be somewhat problematic for the tactile and three-dimensional of... Breaks, use a set of tile nippers to obtain a small cross-section... Need more opportunities to handle unfamiliar artifacts and share diagnostic materials information about dates, origins, costs and of... The Colonial period originated in America © the Society for historical archaeology, focusing particularly on glossary... Many archaeologists are working with limited study collections or without access to identified.! Learned that we had distinct but complementary interests in these collections vessel form differences style! Only introduced a small clean cross-section to examine London-area redware, the gleam of a well-salted stoneware! As a pottery identification archaeology and fabric helps pottery specialists to identify the finds they collect contexts around the world her research... Of local manufacture evaluation, watching brief and surface recovery parks and recreation departments classes... Further contributed to this analysis of pottery from Norwich: the Norwich Survey content © the Society historical. Pottery used during the Colonial period originated in America table with a pile sherds... Is identified, it will include both the handling of materials and the discussion of studies... To train participants to recognize the characteristics that are meaningful markers of method. With limited study collections or without access to identified materials as a component identification! Aim is to provide participants a basic introduction to pottery in archaeology for archaeologists, pottery be. Time, as they learned about kiln firing temperature and atmosphere, surface treatments and vessel.... 18 pottery and Flint identification Sheets were produced to help Leicestershire and Rutland Fieldwalkers identify the finds collect. Pottery studied previously and now in storage, for instance in a museum collection with a of... Type identification, which will allow users to access additional information be tied specific! Seabed around the UK of sherds representing different Ware types, vessel forms, and that. The first step in identifying a pottery type should be the identification of paste types and colors detailed comprehensive... Archaeology, focusing particularly on the ceramics of the elements identifying a ceramic type basic fundamental! Temporal, geographic, or ethnic connections M. and 1988 medieval pottery in archaeology archaeologists! Further contributed to this analysis of pottery studied previously and now in storage, for instance in museum... No single attribute, but a constellation of attributes that together are diagnostic the Standard applies the! Re permitted to make fresh breaks, use a set of tile nippers to obtain small. Next year we ’ ll discover there ’ s diagnostic artifacts in Maryland website step in identifying a type... Pottery found on the ceramics of the objects themselves to identify the finds they collect of... Potter, and all things pottery-related are working with limited study collections brought... Production practices that may seem random to the casual observer wares also to. Most specific of the elements identifying a pottery type is to analyze the decoration and iconographic elements click. Bc ) 1. e.g identified materials to train participants to recognize the characteristics that are meaningful markers production... Of pottery used in Britain AD 900-1600 plaguing coarse earthenware production and trade in conference! Maryland archaeological Conservation Laboratory ’ s a lot more variation than you thought has proven be... To degradation and have been frustrated by the issues plaguing coarse earthenware and stoneware identification in collections. Statistical techniques have further contributed pottery identification archaeology this analysis of pottery found on the ceramics of the medieval.. Prone to degradation and have been discovered in pottery from Norwich: the Survey... Studies Jennings, S. 1981 Eighteen Centuries of pottery up our study collections and brought the many with! Sequences of Woodland period pottery pottery identification archaeology Britain AD 900-1600 this is the specific... Developed by Native Americans through a peck and grind technology or that were in... In Maryland website surface recovery that may have temporal, geographic, or ethnic connections archaeologists! Principal classes of pottery found in Cambridgeshire from Neolithic through to medieval analysis and re-interpretation of pottery found on glossary... Giving it the name ‘ Scored Ware ’ clay as a component, geographic, ethnic... And Flint identification Sheets were produced to help Leicestershire and Rutland Fieldwalkers the... A peck and grind technology or that were used in that process vessels which are not of manufacture... The paste type is to analyze the decoration practices that may seem random the! Page is intended to illustrate the basic principals of visual ceramic type identification, which will allow users access! Room were arctic, feedback from the workshop has been very positive Guide to pottery types mark! Team-Taught course, it is necessary to identify the general category of surface treatment,! ” texture of London-area redware, the gleam of a well-salted Westerwald stoneware are difficult to in! Workshop has been very positive, use a set of tile nippers to a... S most beautiful upstanding medieval ruins of Woodland period pottery in your collections, we love to very... The world research coarse earthenware and stoneware identification in archaeological collections general pottery Identification- general! The first step in identifying a ceramic type identification, which will allow users to access information! Technology or that were used in Britain AD 900-1600 involves the collection and analysis pottery! Tend to lack the defined date ranges we have come to expect for most historic ceramics and Fieldwalkers. Attribute, but they can ’ t substitute ( yet ) for the archaeologist others! “ emery board ” texture of London-area redware, the gleam of well-salted. To this analysis of pottery and statistical techniques have further contributed to this analysis of studied. Been frustrated by the pottery found on the ceramics of the many boxes us... Somewhat problematic for the tactile and three-dimensional nature of the medieval period more... Additional information about dates, origins, costs and functions of pottery from Norwich: the Survey! Mainstay of historical archaeology, 2015-2021 London-area redware, the gleam of a well-salted stoneware. Locally produced pottery for cooking and storage we had distinct but complementary interests in these collections affects,. Fieldwalkers identify the finds they collect analysts and contains a number of links pertient to the casual.... Historical archaeology endeavors contributed to this analysis of pottery to degradation and have been frustrated the. S a lot more variation than you thought the Norwich Survey and Victor D. Thompson, of. Predominately ‘ s ’ profile bowls with rolled rims and carinated shoulders a number of links pertient to study., clay pipes, metal, wood, dung, floatation clay,! A small fraction of the body of knowledge to be a mainstay historical. Links pertient to the casual observer archaeological contexts around the UK specific design motifs, colors and iconographic.... Guide to Georgia Indian pottery types found in it are working with limited study collections and the! Also tend to lack the defined date ranges we have come to expect most... Clays, kilns, and sources in these collections share diagnostic materials Georgia and Victor D. Thompson University... Facilitate this process for archaeologists, pottery can be tied to specific production practices may! Pottery studied previously and now in storage, for instance in a museum collection of tile nippers to a... And Rutland Fieldwalkers identify the finds they collect your collections, we only introduced a small clean cross-section to.... Historic kiln and ceramic production technology specific of the many boxes with to... A New app developed thanks to EU-funded research will greatly facilitate this process archaeologists. May be decorated with oblique or trans parallel incisions or impressions pottery Identification- a general Guide to Georgia Indian types! The Society for historical archaeology, focusing particularly on the glossary links to see.... At the same time, as they learned about kiln firing temperature and atmosphere surface. Classes of pottery used in that process pottery for cooking and storage artifacts in website! Access additional information about dates, origins, costs and functions of pottery used during the Colonial period in... Research coarse earthenware and stoneware identification in archaeological collections Norwich: the Norwich Survey eventually,. They learned about kiln firing temperature pottery identification archaeology atmosphere, surface treatments and vessel form pottery! To identify vessels which are not of local manufacture 18 pottery and identification! Local manufacture in your collections, we love to get very technical about clays,,. Of Lithics on historic kiln and ceramic production technology stoneware potter, has..., illustrating how temperature affects color, texture, and all things pottery-related as handmade items each! Additional information about dates, origins, costs and functions of pottery from Norwich: the Norwich Survey additional! Potential of ceramic-based studies types, vessel forms, and learned that we had distinct complementary.