Mention any application of zener diodes. It is generally 0.6v for a  Silicon diode. The V-I characteristics of an ideal zener diode is shown in Figure 1–1 (a) and a simple regulator circuit based on it in Figure 1-1 (b). Ans: P-N junction diode is fabricated with low impurity concentrated P and N-type materials compared to Zener diode. EXPERIMENT REQUIREMENT Components and Equipments a. Zener Diode (1N753) b. UNI-T Digital Multi-meter (UT 55) C. Variable Resistor (1 KO) d. GW Instek Oscilloscope (GOS-630FC) e. Resistor(33012,470N, 4.7K2, 47K22) f. K & H MFG. The characteristics of a regular junction diode will show that it is designed primarily for operation in the forward direction. Ans: The forward voltage at which the current through the junction starts increasing rapidly, is called the knee voltage or cut-in voltage. We are going to learn about an experiment to find out the Zener breakdown voltage and draw the characteristics of Zener diode.Why should we do this experiment? Aim : To study the VI Characteristics of Zener Diode. If both p-side and n-side of the diode are lightly doped, depletion region at the junction widens. The electric field may become large enough that covalent bonds are broken and electron-hole pairs are created. Plot the V-I graph and observe the change. When forward biased voltage is applied to the zener diode, it works like a normal diode. (D) Load Resistor . Applying a reverse bias causes a strong electric field get applied across the device. current increases at a rapid rate. 9. Plot the graph between VS and VO taking VS­ on X-axis and VO on Y-axis. List the other Zener diodes with different breakdown voltages. APPARATUS:- PROCEDURE: FORWARD BIAS CHARACTERISTICS 1. When the diode is in the reverse bias condition, the width of the depletion region is more. We will then plot it to get the depen-dence. EXPERIMENT NUMBER 4 Examining the Characteristics of Diodes . For Zener diodes, silicon is preferred to Ge because of its high temperature and current capability. A Zener diode not only allows current to flow from anode to cathode but also, in the reverse direction on reaching the Zener voltage. Zener diode characteristics can be observed. ... Zener diode is a P-N junction diode specially designed to operate in … Connect voltmeter and ammeter in correct polarities as shown in the circuit diagram. Answer: c Explanation: Zener diodes are used as voltage regulators but they aren’t called voltage regulators. What are the applications of Zener diode? zener diode. Result: The characteristics and Voltage Regulation of  Zener  diode are studied. The following contains the verified lab manual record of the experiment for reference along with the readings. Is the breakdown region in Zener really destructible? First, we will look at the general laboratory experiment and it’s format. The voltage across the zener will remain steady at its break down voltage VZ for all the values of zener current IZ as long as the current remains in the break down region. While doing the experiment do not exceed the readings of the diode. ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS . OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the characteristics of Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Because of technological limitations, the "ceramic" capacitors that you have been using up to now do not have sufficiently high capacitance to be used in this application. A signal diode or rectifier will have a high reverse breakdown, from 50 to 2000 volts, and is NOT designed to operate in the breakdown region. Write the features of UJT. The fact that the voltage across the diode in the breakdown region is almost constant turns out to be an important application of the zener diode as a voltage regulator . Ans:We cannot use Zener diode as a switch,in forward bias it works as normal junction diode but in reverse bias it allow the current with respective to its break down voltage. If a zener diode reads a voltage near its rated zener voltage, VZ, then it is good. Cbse Class 12 Zener Diode Experiment Readings Get link; Facebook; Twitter; Pinterest; Email; Other Apps; October 11, 2019 Get Information About Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Physics. Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram. Detailed course structure for each branch and semister, Previous Semesters Final Exam Question Papers, Zener Diode Characteristics and Zener as Voltage Regulator, Objective: To study and verify the functionalityof Zener diode in forward bias and reverse bias and to. The forward bias characteristic of Zener diode is same as the normal PN junction diode but in reverse bias it has different characteristic. Characteristics. You can change the rheostat resistance using the slider. The I-V Characteristics Curve of a zener diode, shown below, is the curve which shows the current-voltage relationship of a zener diode. The circuit diagram to plot the VI characteristics of a zener diode is shown. Give the input as triangular voltage waveform from Function Generator (both positive and negative peaks). Objectives: To study the characteristics of Zener diode. You can notice the corresponding ammeter and voltmeter readings. Funded by MeitY (Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology), English h) Bias Current (I2) Stability Noise 9 _:5% . Ans:Generally the maximum zener voltage id about 200V. Avalanche is +ve temprature coefficient and Zener breakdown is -ve temprature coefficient. Figure . Brief Theory: When a reverse-bias voltage is applied to a pn junction, the electric field in the space-charge region is increases. If we operate an ordinary diode in reverse biased, it conducts insignificant current until the voltage applied across them exceeds the … What is the difference between p-n Junction diode and zener diode? A Zener diode of break down voltage Vz is reverse connected to an input voltage source Vi across a load resistance RL and a series resistor RS. Preface: ... (Take at least 8 readings). Experiment no-01 AIM:- To Plot the V-I Characteristics of P-N Junction Diode under Forward and Reverse Bias Condition and I-v characteristics of Zener diode. As a result, the bond breaks and electron hole pairs are generated. 3. The reverse breakdown voltage of the Zener diode, V = ………….V. In zener diode, electric current flows from both anode to cathode and cathode to anode. The zener diode characteristics have been studied. One of the zener diodes works like a reference voltage generator, while the other zener diode is used for sensing the changes in the temperature levels. Tabulate different reverse currents obtained for different reverse voltages. Least count of milli-ammeter  = ...........mA, Zero error of milli-ammeter = ...........mA. APPARATUS:- PROCEDURE: FORWARD BIAS CHARACTERISTICS 1. If the diode reads a much higher voltage, of or near the voltage of the supply voltage feeding it, it is open and, thus, defective. 10. Experiment No: 2 ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS AIM: 1. However, when reverse biased voltage is applied to the zener diode, it works in different manner. Take the readings and note Voltmeter reading across Zener diode and Ammeter reading. 1-3 2. The circuit for studying the forward bias characteristics of a Zener diode is as shown in the figure1. Zener diode is generally used in ________ biased condition. Theory: A Zener Diode is constructed for operation in the reverse breakdown re-gion.The relation between I-V is almost linear in this case Vz =Vz0+Iz Rz, Zener diodes are designed in a way where the Zener voltage is a much lower value. To see the circuit diagram, click on the 'Show/hide circuit diagram' check box seen inside the simulator window. Ans: The breakdown voltage of a diode is the minimum reverse voltage to make the diode conduct in reverse. when the voltage across the zener diode exceeds its zener voltage rating VZ) . Connections can be made as seen in the circuit diagram by clicking and dragging the mouse from one connecting terminal to the other connecting terminal of the devices to be connected. 20 . Experiment No: 1 Diode Characteristics Objective: To study and verify the functionality of a) ... the corresponding readings V r and I r. 3. lN940B . b. Connect the Circuit as per the Circuit Diagram on the bread board. Zener diodes are also known as a) Voltage regulators b) Forward bias diode c) Breakdown diode d) None of the mentioned. Compare Zener Breakdown and Avalanche breakdown? Characteristics of Zener Diode. This voltage is … 7-9 4. To Study the working of a diode as half w ave rectifier with and without filter. ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS EXPERIMENT 2018 - Duration: 6:58. They have a large forward current flowing through them with a negligible voltage drop across them. To Study the working of a diode as Bri dge rectifier with and without filter. A Zener diode is a diode which allows current to flow in the forward direction in the same manner as an ideal diode, but will also permit it to flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is above a certain value known as the breakdown voltage Zener diode characteristics can be observed. Theory. Ans: Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. Varying amount of reverse current can pass through the diode without damaging it. The device, because of one P-N junction, is quite similar to a diode but it differs from an ordinary diode as it has three terminals. # Characteristics of a Zener Diode The above diagram shows the V-I characteristics of the Zener diode behavior. Uni Junction Transistor(UJT) Characteristics. Such sudden increase in the number of charge carriers due to rupture of covalent bonds under the influence of strong electric field is termed as Zener breakdown. Ans:The voltage level at which breakdown occur in reverse bias of zener diode and the voltage across the diode is constant. The break down voltage Vz is obtained from the graph as shown below. Ans: A zener is designed to operate stably in reverse breakdown, which is designed to be at a low voltage, between 3 volts and 200 volts. To Study the V-I characteristics of Forwa rd Biased PN junction diode. Connect the circuit as shown in figure (1). The graph below shows the current/voltage characteristics of a Zener diode. Ans:Zener diodes are used in voltage stabilizers,clippers and clamper circuits. When Zener diode is forward biased, it acts as a _________. Not Specified Not Specified The function of CR1 is to provide additional regulation of the input voltage and form the basis of the reference output. Similarly, experiment by keeping the diode in forwarding bias and tabulate the readings. EXPERIMENT: DIODE & ZENER DIODE Objective:- To study the forward and reverse bias characteristics of diode and zener diode. The experiment is continued till the milliammeter shows a large deflection while the voltmeter reading remains a constant, indicating the break down voltage. block of Figure 1. At the end of the experiment, the student will be able to ... Zener Characteristics; Select the diode; Set the rheostat R h =1 Ω; By adjusting the rheostat, voltmeter reading is increased from 0 and in each time note the corresponding reading in milliammeter. (C) Zener Regulator: The heart of the zener voltage-reference is shown in the . Any kind of infringement will lead to legal action. A typical Zener diode shunt regulator is shown in Figure 3. This value can be controlled during manufacture. It should be replaced. In the reverse bias direction, there is practically no reverse current flow until the breakdown voltage is reached. Q9: Is the zener diode an effective limiter? Open Diode. Shorted Diode. In the reverse biased mode zener diode has large breakdown voltage and though the current increases the voltage remains constant. The typical forward voltage at room temperature with a current of around 1 mA is around 0.6 volts. Connect the circuit as shown in figure (2). Connect the CRO CH1 across the input and CH2 across resistor. 18. Zener diodes are semiconductor PN junction diodes with controlled reverse-bias properties, which make them extremely useful as voltage references. In breakdown the voltage across the Zener diode is close to constant over a wide range of currents thus making it useful as a shunt voltage regulator. In the forward biased mode the zener diode operates as a p-n diode. When the diode is connected in forward bias diode acts as a normal diode. What will happen if P-N regions are heavily doped in Zener diode? What is the max value of voltage of Zener breakdown devices? We are going to take Zener I-V Characteristics Curve experiment as an example to understand how we can perform a general experiment using the PSLab device. To observe and draw the V-I characteristics and Regulation characteristics of a Zener diode. What makes them different from other diodes is that Zener diodes will also allow current to flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is above a certain value. It is read as n-type of Zener diode and the other as p-type. Ans: Reverse breakdown due to avalanche mechanism or Zener effect.In reverse bias a rapid change in the current at break down voltage. Plot the reverse characteristic curve by taking reverse voltage along –ve X-axis and reverse current along –ve Y-axis. Do the same experiment by connecting the Zener diode in the forward bias. Developed by Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham & CDAC Mumbai. This article will help to explain the characteristics which make up zener diodes, specifically how the voltage across a zener diode varies with the current flowing through it. In addition, the breakdown voltage is specified as a minimum only. Theory:-A Semiconductor diode is prepared by joining P and N sections of a semi conducting … (Make sure you switch from the Diode Tracer window to the Zener Diode … By adjusting the rheostat, voltmeter reading is increased from 0 and in each time note the corresponding reading in milliammeter. Thus it acts as a voltage regulator. When the reverse bias voltage is greater than a predetermined voltage then the Zener … Then for all other combinations of input voltage and load current the Zener diode conducts the excess current thus maintaining a constant voltage across the load. Switch on the Regulated Power Supply and slowly increase the source voltage. When this occurs there is a sharp increase in reverse current. हिंदी Zener Diode Characteristics Part A: V-I Characteristics Part B: Zener Diode act as a Voltage Regulator 3. While doing the experiment do not exceed the ratings of the diode. This may lead to damaging of the diode. Avalanche breakdown voltage may vary but Zener breakdown voltage is constant. This heavy doping results in a low value of reverse breakdown voltage (BV R). 6. EXPERIMENT 7:Observation of characteristics of a Zener diode Debangshu Mukherjee BS.c Physics,1st Year Chennai Mathematical Institute 7.11.2008 1 Aim of experiment In this experiment, we try to observe the relation between the voltage and corressponding current generated. To draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to determine its reverse break down voltage. 17. Zener Diode Characteristics in X-Y mode: Adjust CRO TIME/DIV knob in X-Y mode. To Study the Reverse characteristics of Zener diode. Zener Diode. Then we will see how that experiment can be performed using the PSLab Android App and the PSLab Hardware Device. d) Zener Diode as Load Regulator (for variations in load connected): Input Supply Voltage VS = _________ Volts, No-load DC Voltage, VNL = _________ Volts, Fig: V- I Characteristics of Zener Diode under Forward & Reverse Bias Conditions, Static forward Resistance              Rdc    = Vf / If, Dynamic Forward Resistance         rac    =  Vf /  If, Static Reverse Resistance             Rdc    = Vr / Ir, Dynamic Reverse Resistance         rac    =  Vr /  Ir, For Load regulation,% Voltage Regulation =  %. This may lead to ... ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS AIM: 1. EXP-7> To draw characteristics of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage. We use Zener diodes for voltage regulation and voltage stabilisation. 19. EXP-7> To draw characteristics of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage. As the applied reverse voltage increases the minority carriers acquire sufficient energy to collide with the carriers in the covalent bonds inside the depletion region. The orientation is very important. Sl No Name of Experiment Page No 1. Figure 2 shows the current versus voltage curve for a Zener diode. We just reverse the diode to measure the i v characteristics the sudden change might destroy the diode. Zener diode observation tablein hindi 3. Experiment 8 . You can use the embedded worksheet to enter the values. The reverse leakage current has been exaggerated to make it show on the graph. As the applied reverse voltage tends to increase that result in the increment of the width of the depletion region. 1. A very good test you can do is to check a zener diode with your multimeter set to the ohmmeter setting. The critical parameter of this type of diodes is the Zener breakdown voltage. October 28, 2020 February 24, 2012 by Electrical4U. This is an individual effort but members of a team can and should share insight, confirm results, and help problem solve. Experiment no-01 AIM:- To Plot the V-I Characteristics of P-N Junction Diode under Forward and Reverse Bias Condition and I-v characteristics of Zener diode. Forward (drive) current can have a range from 200 uA to 200 A, with the most common forward (drive) current being 10 mA or 200 mA. While doing the experiment do not exceed the ratings of the diode. Unlike ordinary PN junction diode, the reverse current in Zener diode is measured using milli-ammeter due to the large flow of current. BJT Characteristics (CE Configuration) Part A: Input Characteristics Part B: Output Characteristics 5. The Zener diode specially made to have a reverse voltage breakdown at a specific voltage. In a standard diode, the Zener voltage is high, and the diode is permanently damaged if a reverse current above that value is allowed to pass through it. Rectifiers (without and with c-filter) Part A: Half-wave Rectifier Part B: Full-wave Rectifier 4. 2. As the reverse bias is increased, the Electric field becomes strong enough to rupture covalent bonds and generate large number of charge carriers. To Draw The Characteristic Curve Of A Zener Diode And To. What are the applications of Zener diode? What is the doping concentration in Zener diodes? Viva questions: 1. The I-V Characteristics Curve of a zener diode, shown below, is the curve which shows the current-voltage relationship of a zener diode. Result: a. To plot Volt-Ampere characteristics of Zener diode. Jan 02, 2021 - Theory & Procedure, Diode Characteristics Class 12 Notes | EduRev is made by best teachers of JEE. Procedure: Forward Bias Characteristics: 1. Here the Zener diode acts like an ordinary diode. 21. Ans: A voltage regulator is an electronic circuit that provides a stable dc voltage independent of the load current, temperature and ac line voltage variations. Ans:Doping concentration in zener diode is about 1000 times greater than the normal junction diode. The readings of voltage and current are tabulated. Connect the CRO CH1 across the input and CH2 across resistor. Ordinary diodes are forward biased and work in the forward direction. Ans: Its come from the inventor of Zener diode name is Clarence Zener. This is a simple test we can do to check whether it is good, open, or shorted. Unlike ordinary PN junction diode, the reverse current in Zener diode is measured using milli-ammeter due to the large flow of current. Zener diode experiment. A standard 10 V Zener may have a temperature coefficient of +0.07%/ °C which may correspond to 7 mV/ °C variation in temperature. Zener diodes not only stabilize long-term voltage fluctuations, but also short-term fluctuations as they are caused by the residual ripple of a rectified, pre-smoothed AC voltage. Diodes . Once the values are noted the plot of characteristics curves between voltage and current is plotted. To draw the characteristic curve of a Zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage. In the reverse bias condition the Zener diode is an open circuit and only a small leakage current is flowing as shown on the exaggerated plot. The function of a regulator is to provide a constant output voltage to a load connected in parallel with it in spite of the ripples in the supply voltage or the variation in the load current and the zener diode will continue to regulate the voltage until the diodes current falls below the minimum IZ(min) value in the reverse breakdown region. Forward characteristics are similar to both, although the zener's forward characteristics is usually not specified, as the zener will never be used in that region. 2. 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