brinjal mite scientific name

Over 175 species of insect and mite pests have been recorded from the vegetable crops ecosystems with their common and scientific names, orders, families and pest status (key / major, minor and occasional). Some cultivars have a color gradient—white at the stem, to bright pink, deep purple or even black. About 60 synonyms included under this species have compounded the controversy. Scientific Name. Eggplants can also be battered before deep-frying and served with a sauce made of tahini and tamarind. 20 Tamil name… 19 Malay name: Terong manis (sweet brinjal), terong china (Chinese brinjal), terong ungu (purple brinjal), terong rapoh, terong puteh (white brinjal), terong biru (blue brinjal), terong hijau (green brinjal). Click here to get an answer to your question ️ Give the scientific name of brinjal. Individuals who are atopic (genetically predisposed to developing certain allergic hypersensitivity reactions) are more likely to have a reaction to eggplant, which may be because eggplant is high in histamines. Most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. "'egg-plant, n." OED Online, Oxford University Press, July 2018, Unless otherwise stated, material in this section derives from. [60] Smith FF; Baker EW, 1968. Brinjal or eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is an important solanaceous crop of sub-tropics and tropics.The brinjal, eggplant or Aubergine (French name) has originated in the Indian sub-continent and China (Thompson and Kelly, 1957; Purewal, 1957; Martin and Rhodes, 1979).Brinjal is an important vegetable crop of the Far East, Bangladesh, India, China and the Philippines. [56], The potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) is an oligophagous insect that prefers to feed on plants of the family Solanaceae such as eggplants. Mites damage the outer cells of the leaf as they feed on the plant sap. [citation needed] Colors vary from white to yellow or green, as well as reddish-purple and dark purple. Eggplant is used in the cuisines of many countries. ... scientific names of the insect and mite pest species. Tsao and Lo in "Vegetables: Types and Biology". Female P. operculella use the leaves to lay their eggs and the hatched larvae will eat away at the mesophyll of the leaf. In English usage, modern names deriving from Arabic bāḏinjān include: All the aubergine-type names have the same origin, in the Dravidian languages. The Indic word vātiṅ-gaṇa was then borrowed into Persian as bādingān. Bicolored cultivars with color gradient include 'Rosa Bianca', 'Violetta di Firenze', 'Bianca Sfumata di Rosa' (heirloom), and 'Prosperosa' (heirloom). and see text. From Greek, the word was borrowed into Italian and medieval Latin, and onwards into French. Spider mites feed by penetrating the plant tissue with their mouthparts and are found primarily on the underside of the leaf. Hand pollination by shaking the flowers improves the set of the first blossoms. Its numerous seeds are small, soft and edible, along with the rest of the fruit, and do not have to be removed. These scientific names, usually derived from Latin, are generally pieced together from words that represent what the insect is or what it can do ("Praying Mantis" = "Mantis religiosa"). anushka7679 anushka7679 24.07.2020 Biology Primary School Give the scientific name of brinjal. Eggplant grows 40 to 150 cm (1 ft 4 in to 4 ft 11 in) tall, with large, coarsely lobed leaves that are 10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 in) long and 5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 in) broad. [11] It has been cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory. Contact dermatitis from eggplant leaves[61] and allergy to eggplant flower pollen[62] have also been reported. A Spanish dish called escalivada in Catalonia calls for strips of roasted aubergine, sweet pepper, onion, and tomato. [9] In 2018, China and India combined accounted for 87% of the world production of eggplants. Solanum ovigerum Dunal They are often deep fried and made into dishes such as yúxiāng-qiézi ("fish fragrance eggplant")[39] or di sān xiān ("three earthen treasures"). What is Brinjal? 1. Ask your question. [17], The eggplant has a special place in folklore. It belongs to the family Solanaceae. Join now. Brinjal is the name of a fruit belonging to the Solanales order and the Solanum genus. An example of it use is in the dish hasamiyaki (挟み焼き) in which slices of eggplant are grilled and filled with a meat stuffing. Spider Mites. The body of a spider mite is separated into two distinct parts: (1) the gnathosoma and (2) the idiosoma. Solanum melongena is grown worldwide for its edible fruit.. In Iranian cuisine, it is blended with whey as kashk e bademjan, tomatoes as mirza ghassemi, or made into stew as khoresht-e-bademjan. A mix of roasted eggplant, roasted red peppers, chopped onions, tomatoes, mushrooms, carrots, celery, and spices is called zacuscă in Romania, and ajvar or pinjur in the Balkans. Many of the pests and diseases that afflict other solanaceous plants, such as tomato, capsicum, and potato, are also troublesome to eggplants. Slim cultivars in purple-black skin include 'Little Fingers', 'Ichiban', 'Pingtung Long', and 'Tycoon', In green skin, 'Louisiana Long Green' and 'Thai (Long) Green'. [29], It has been known as 'Jew's apple', apparently in relation to a belief that the fruit was first imported to the West Indies by Jewish people.[30]. brinjal has significant amounts of phenolic flavonoid phytochemicals called Corresponding Author: ... Eggplants are attacked by several insect pests and mites right from the nursery stage to till harvesting including L. orbonalis (Guenee); ... Scientific name Solanum … A Levantine specialty is makdous, another pickling of eggplants, stuffed with red peppers and walnuts in olive oil. Eggplant (US, Australia, New Zealand, anglophone Canada), aubergine (UK, Ireland, Quebec, and most of mainland Western Europe) or brinjal (South Asia, South Africa) is a plant species in the nightshade family Solanaceae. It can be sliced and deep-fried, then served with plain yogurt (optionally topped with a tomato and garlic sauce), such as in the Turkish dish patlıcan kızartması (meaning fried aubergines), or without yogurt, as in patlıcan şakşuka. [41][42], In Korean cuisine, eggplants are known as gaji (가지). As a member of the genus Solanum, it is related to the tomato, chili pepper, and potato, although they are new world and the eggplant, like nightshade, is old world. Brinjals are highly nutritious. Scientific name . In some cases the Modern descendants of this ancient Dravidian word include Malayalam vaṟutina and Tamil vaṟutuṇai. Oval or elongated oval-shaped and black-skinned cultivars include 'Harris Special Hibush', 'Burpee Hybrid', 'Bringal Bloom', 'Black Magic', 'Classic', 'Dusky', and 'Black Beauty'. Shoot and Fruit borer . Roasted, skinned, mashed, mixed with onions, tomatoes, and spices, and then slow cooked gives the South Asian dish baingan bharta or gojju, similar to salată de vinete in Romania. 12 (4), 259-268. Early forms include: From these forms came the botanical Latin melongēna. [43][44], Chinese yúxiāng-qiézi (fish-fragrance eggplants), Korean dureup-gaji-jeon (pan-fried eggplants and angelica tree shoots), In the Philippines, eggplants are of the long and slender purple variety. The term brinjal is less common that is heard in countries like India. [51][52] Seeds are typically started eight to 10 weeks prior to the anticipated frost-free date. Hosts Study on the phytophagous mites and their … Brinjal is also exported in the fresh or frozen form. Similarly, H.C.F. Brinjal scientific name is Solanum Melongena and hails from Solanaceae family. In 2018, world production of eggplants was 54 million tonnes, led by China with 63% of the total and India with 24% (table). The first known written record of the plant is found in Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural treatise completed in 544 C.E. The main cause of this disease is high soil, moisture and moderate temperature with high humidity levels during the rainy season. brinjal is extensively cultivated in all the districts as a major cash crop in an area of 0.17 Lakh ... with non insect pest red spider mite (Teranychus macfurlanei Baker) were the major pests. Sombatsiri K, 1978. Hindi – बैंगन(baingan). [40] Eggplants also feature in several Japanese expression and proverbs, such as "Don't feed autumn eggplant to your wife" (秋茄子は嫁に食わすな, akinasu ha yomi ni kuwasuna) and "Always listen to your parents" (親の意見と茄子の花は千に一つも無駄はない, oya no iken to nasubi no hana ha sen ni hitotsu mo muda ha nai, literally: "not even one in a thousand of a parents' opinion or an eggplant flower are in vain"). [20][21][22] Similar names are widespread in other languages, such as the Icelandic term eggaldin or the Welsh planhigyn ŵy. Several other names that are now invalid have been uniquely applied to it:[64], A number of subspecies and varieties have been named, mainly by Dikii, Dunal, and (invalidly) by Sweet. [46][47] Eggplant can also be grilled, skinned and eaten as a salad called ensaladang talong. [64], The eggplant has a long history of taxonomic confusion with the scarlet and Ethiopian eggplants (Solanum aethiopicum), known as gilo and nakati, respectively, and described by Linnaeus as S. aethiopicum. [25], Whereas eggplant was coined in English, most of the diverse other European names for the plant derive from the Arabic word bāḏinjān (Arabic: باذنجان‎). In Andalusia, eggplant is mostly cooked thinly sliced, deep-fried in olive oil and served hot with honey (berenjenas a la Cordobesa). The name eggplant is usual in North American English and Australian English. Mites associated with cutaneous reactions Scientific name Common name(s) Disease(s) caused and/or transmitted Acarus siro: Flour mite: Baker's itch: Glyciphagus domesticus: Grocer's itch: Carpoglyphus passularum: Always avoid over-mature, old-stock, and sunken eggplants as they tastebitter and, therefore, unappetizing. Eggplant (US,[1] Australia,[2] New Zealand, anglophone Canada), aubergine (UK,[3] Ireland, Quebec, and most of mainland Western Europe) or brinjal (South Asia, Malaysia, South Africa)[4][5] is a plant species in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Capsicum broad mite. Its thin skin is also edible, and so it does not have to be peeled. Bionomics esculentum (L.) Nees", "Bt Brinjal in Bangladesh: Too early to draw conclusions on contamination, says expert", "Korean restaurant owner cooks from the heart Andy Starnes/Post-Gazette", "All the hallmarks of world-class cuisine", "North, South, Go Pick! Other Names of Eggplant. Several species of thrips transmit tospoviruses. However, since eggplants can be particularly susceptible to pests such as whiteflies, they are sometimes grown with slightly less susceptible plants, such as chili pepper, as a sacrificial trap crop. Log in. [32] This decision was deemed controversial, as it deviated from previous practices with other genetically modified crops in India. The Hobson-Jobson dictionary comments that 'probably there is no word of the kind which has undergone such extraordinary variety of modifications, whilst retaining the same meaning, as this'.[27]. Eggplants are available fresh all around the season. Semiwild types can grow much larger, to 225 cm (7 ft 5 in), with large leaves over 30 cm (12 in) long and 15 cm (6 in) broad. Common Scientific name name Petioles are so short that leaves seem to be glued to the stem. In some parts of India, miniature cultivars, most commonly called, This page was last edited on 6 January 2021, at 05:34. * According to FAO in 2012, China ranks first in the production of brinjal (58% of world output) and India ranks second(25%), contributing 13557.8 million tonnes to the world production. 500 eggs in soil, 6-7 days.Grub: 30-45 days; Pupa: Pupates in soil in earthern cocoons; Adult: 10-12 days. For this reason, it should generally not be planted in areas previously occupied by its close relatives. The Dravidian word was borrowed into the Indic languages, giving ancient forms such as Sanskrit and Pali vātiṅ-gaṇa (alongside Sanskrit vātigama) and Prakrit vāiṃaṇa. Korean and Japanese eggplant varieties are typically thin-skinned.[38]. An actual S. violaceum, an unrelated plant described by Ortega, included Dunal's S. amblymerum and was often confused with the same author's S. Notching of leaf margins by adults. The aubergine is unrecorded in England until the 16th century. Ash weevils: Myllocerus subfasciatus, M. discolor, M. viridanus, M. maculosus (Curculionidae: Coleoptera) Damage symptoms. [63] Cooking eggplant thoroughly seems to preclude reactions in some individuals, but at least one of the allergenic proteins survives the cooking process. Scopoli's S. zeylanicum refers to the eggplant, and that of Blanco to S. [32][33], On 9 February 2010, the Environment Ministry of India imposed a moratorium on the cultivation of Bt brinjal after protests against regulatory approval of cultivated Bt brinjal in 2009, stating the moratorium would last "for as long as it is needed to establish public trust and confidence". Common North American pests include the potato beetles, flea beetles, aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. Spray carbaryl 50 WP 2 kg + wettable sulphur 2 kg or endosulfan 35 EC 1.5 L or malathion 50 EC 1.5 L. Eggplant is widely used in its native India, for example in sambar (a tamarind lentil stew), dalma (a dal preparation with vegetables, native to Odisha), chutney, curry, and achaar (a pickled dish). [34] Bt brinjal was approved for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh in 2013.[35]. Carmine spider mite, a close relative of the twospotted spider mite, is bright red in color. The stem is often spiny. Crop: Brinjal. In a dish from Maharashtra called bharli vangi, small brinjals are stuffed with ground coconut, peanuts, onions, tamarind, jaggery and masala spices, and then cooked in oil. Common Name. ... A fully grown mite lives for about 2 weeks and lays about 200 eggs during this time. The most widely cultivated varieties—cultivars—in Europe and North America today are elongated ovoid, 12–25 cm (4 1⁄2–10 in) long and 6–9 cm (2 1⁄2–3 1⁄2 in) broad with a dark purple skin. The French name was then borrowed into British English, appearing there first in the late eighteenth century. Due to its texture and bulk, it is sometimes used as a meat substitute in vegan and vegetarian cuisines. In Georgia, for example, it is fried and stuffed with walnut paste to make nigvziani badrijani. Raw eggplant is 92% water, 6% carbohydrates, 1% protein, and has negligible fat (table). Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most common and popular vegetable crop throught India. Brinjal definition: a tropical Old World solanaceous plant, Solanum melongena, widely cultivated for its... | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Many eggplant dishes are sauces made by mashing the cooked fruit. It is grown for its edible fruit. [37] Eggplant flesh is smooth. Scientific name: Solanum melongena Family: Solanaceae : Bacterial Wilt : Cercospora leaf Spot : Alternaria leaf Spot : Damping off : Tobacco mosaic virus [29], The plant is also known as guinea squash in Southern American English. They generally live on the undersides of leaves of plants, where they may spin protective silk webs, and they can cause damage by puncturing the plant … Mulching helps conserve moisture and prevent weeds and fungal diseases and the plants benefit from some shade during the hottest part of the day. The eggplant is a delicate, tropical perennial plant often cultivated as a tender or half-hardy annual in temperate climates. The flowers and leaves can be poisonous if consumed in large quantities due to the presence of solanine. Brinjal derived its name during the 16th and 17th centuries from the Portuguese word beringela. Case reports of itchy skin or mouth, mild headache, and stomach upset after handling or eating eggplant have been reported anecdotally and published in medical journals (see also oral allergy syndrome). Veg recipes of India. The gnathosoma includes only the mouthparts. The plant species is believed to have originated in India, where it continues to grow wild,[10] or in Africa. The cut surface of the flesh rapidly turns brown when the fruit is cut open (oxidation). First recorded in 1763, the word "eggplant" was originally applied to white cultivars, which look very much like hen's eggs (see image). These forms also gave rise to the Caribbean English melongene. [16], Because of the plant's relationship with various other nightshades, the fruit was at one time believed to be extremely poisonous. Bicolored cultivars with striping include 'Listada de Gandia' and 'Udumalapet'. Eggplant can be hollowed out and stuffed with meat, rice, or other fillings, and then baked. Eggplant, Auberigine, Brinjal. Translated into English as 'mad-apple', 'rage-apple', or 'raging apple', this name for eggplants is attested from 1578 and the form 'mad-apple' may still be found in Southern American English. Botanically classified as a berry, the fruit contains numerous small, soft, edible seeds that taste bitter because they contain or are covered in nicotinoid alkaloids, like the related tobacco. The term guinea in the name originally denoted the fact that the fruits were associated with West Africa. Solanum melongena is grown worldwide for its edible fruit. Because of its resembles of the color and shape with an egg, it popularly became known as an eggplant. They are known as talong and is widely used in many stew and soup dishes, like pinakbet. A cut open brinjal fruit showing the nature of damage by the brinjal shoot and fruit borer, A country bean pod damaged by the flower and pod borer, A' pani kachu' (low land taro) leaf damaged by the common cutworm. A few proteins and at least one secondary metabolite have been identified as potential allergens. Another version of the dish, begun-pora (eggplant charred or burnt), is very popular in Bangladesh and the east Indian states of Odisha and West Bengal where the pulp of the vegetable is mixed with raw chopped shallot, green chilies, salt, fresh coriander, and mustard oil. Traditional, white-skinned, egg-shaped cultivars include 'Casper' and 'Easter Egg'. But then all through my childhood I called it baingan in Hindi and brinjal in English. Green or purple cultivars with white striping also exist. Spider mites when they reach U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative Economic Institute Report, 18:1080. Brinjal Introduction Scientific Name : Solanum melongena L. Family : Solanaceae * It is often described (under the name "baingan" or"brinjal") as the "king of vegetables". Some common cultivars have fruit that is egg-shaped, glossy, and purple with white flesh and a spongy, "meaty" texture. 19 million was exported mainly to UK, Netherland, Saudi Arabia and Middle East countries (DGCIS, 2008) 2. Like the tomato, its skin and seeds can be eaten, but, like the potato, it is usually eaten cooked. ... Capsicum, chilli, tomato are the main hosts, but also on many other crops, e.g., bean, eggplant, papaya, mango and avocado. The modern Hindustani words descending directly from the Sanskrit name are baingan and began. It may also be roasted in its skin until charred, so the pulp can be removed and blended with other ingredients, such as lemon, tahini, and garlic, as in the Arab baba ghanoush and the similar Greek melitzanosalata. Attested Greek forms include ματιζάνιον (matizanion, eleventh-century), μελιντζάνα (melintzana, fourteenth-century), and μελιντζάνιον (melintzanion, seventeenth-century). Different cultivars of the plant produce fruit of different size, shape, and color, though typically purple. The twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticaeKoch, has been controversial in its taxonomic placement. Eggplant comes from the family Solanaceae and its botanical name is Solanummelongena. Johnson M W, Mau R F L, Martinez A P, Fukuda S, 1989. In endemic areas apply carbofuran 3G @ 15 kg/ha, 15 days after planting. [18] In 19th-century Egypt, insanity was said to be "more common and more violent" when the eggplant is in season in the summer.[19]. S. violaceum of de Candolle applies to Linnaeus' S. aethiopicum. This testifies the great diversity of the insect and mite pests in … Also, this word is colloquially used in the Indian sub-continent. Raw eggplant can have a bitter taste, with an astringent quality, but it becomes tender when cooked and develops a rich, complex flavor. All mites have needle-like piercing-sucking mouthparts. In the La Mancha region of central Spain, a small eggplant is pickled in vinegar, paprika, olive oil, and red peppers. It provides low amounts of essential nutrients, with only manganese having a moderate percentage (11%) of the Daily Value. Populations usually decline as temperatures warm in spring. 4. On wild plants, the fruit is less than 3 cm (1 1⁄4 in) in diameter; in cultivated forms: 30 cm (12 in) or more in length are possible for long, narrow types or the large fat purple ones common to the West. It can be stuffed. [13] A book on agriculture by Ibn Al-Awwam in 12th-century Arabic Spain described how to grow aubergines. Solanum trongum Poir. Also known as aubergine or brinjal (And Nasu in Japan) the scientific name of eggplant is Solanum melongena An English botany book in 1597 described the madde or raging Apple: This plant groweth in Egypt almost everywhere... bringing foorth fruite of the bignes of a great Cucumber.... We have had the same in our London gardens, where it hath borne flowers, but the winter approching before the time of ripening, it perished: notwithstanding it came to beare fruite of the bignes of a goose egge one extraordinarie temperate yeere... but never to the full ripenesse. Some other cultivars are white and longer in shape. Good sanitation and crop rotation practices are extremely important for controlling fungal disease, the most serious of which is Verticillium. Spider mites are two-spotted arachnids that change color from pale green to orange or red when the weather becomes cold. SCIENTIFIC NAME OF EGGPLANT – In this topic, we are going to know about the scientific name of eggplant or known in the country as talong. Eggplant, Auberigine, Brinjal. Of the several constraints that lower yields of brinjal, ... Common name . Sometimes fried tomatoes and deep-fried potatoes are also added, creating a dish called begun bhorta. Bryobinae Berlese Bryobini Reck Hystrichonychini Pritchard & Baker Petrobiini Reck Tetranychinae Berlese Tenuipalpoidini Pritchard & Baker Tetranychini Reck Spider mites are members of the Acari family Tetranychidae, which includes about 1,200 species. Since I live in the US, calling it eggplant seems natural. After hatching from the egg, the first immature stage (larva) has three pair of l…