From the experimentation the aims of the experimentation have been achieved. In acid-base chemical reactions, there are four main variables, which influence the rate of reaction. Also when the experiment is set in the ice bath, the reaction time will be much slower than the other temperature sets. Barrans, R. E. (2012, March). the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid will be effected if we change the concentration of hydrochloric acid. Add the magnesium strip to each boiling tube – ensuring that the Mg is fully immersed in the acid, allow the reaction to proceed for 10 seconds and record your observations. The experiment was started by first unpacking the equipment and tprepare the hydrochloric acid by putting 25 ml in each beaker, then setting up the heat plate to the right setting to heat the hydrochloric acid to 80 C. once the heat plate hit its aiming temperature the beaker was placed on it till it hit the temperature of 80 C when it hit 80 C exactly, a piece of magnesium was placed in the beaker with the chemical reaction being recorded by both a timer and writing down what happened. The silvery white solid is an abundant element found in the earth’s crust which was first discovered in 1755. during the experiment, there was only one error which was the molecule strength was mixed up, instead of using the 1 molecule on 2 of the 40 ÌŠc tests we use 0.1 molecule this could have been avoided if we paid more attention to the equipment we used in the test. This brought a slight confusion in stopwatch reading. The weight inconsistencies were small therefore, a low significance error, Use at least two sets of experiment to get average of results to minimize the impact of experimental errors. Assume this reaction generates copper with a +2 charge. Magnesium metal (in form of a ribbon or powder) reacts with acids rapidly than water liberating hydrogen gas. p137. Before anything was started, the whole method was reread and memorised so there was an understanding of the experiment. The experiment was very successful besides at one point in the experiment were the hydrochloric acid strengths were mixed up instead of using 1 molecules we use 0.1 molecule for at least 2 tests. Magnesium ribbon and hydrochloric acid reaction 2001. (“Temperature.” Dictionary.com. For This Reaction, Explain The Sign Of AT For The Surroundings Write The Net Ionic Equation For This Reaction (iv) What Type Of Reaction … No plagiarism, guaranteed! 3. Web. Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form prod… Wrap the magnesium pieces immediately in an aluminum foil to prevent them from being re-oxidized. The experimentation procedures followed were standard for all the two sets of experiments conducted, including data collection mode. Add 40 ml of distilled water and label the conical flask with the concentration of the HCL poured. While holding the test tube in your hand, add hydrochloric acid to sodium hydroxide. It can also be described as an oxidation-reduction reaction. acquire an understanding … Although we had predicted and hypothesized that the duration of the reaction would be reduced by a half, the data partially supported the hypothesis since the data was 89.1% close to what we predicted. Given that, the experiment was carried out under the same conditions, the data obtained are reliable and generalizable. CO2 is a gas which evolves in this reaction. test tube. The temperature of two systems is the same when the systems are in thermal equilibrium. It is located and used in many ways for example it is contain in toilet cleaners and used for clean the toilet. *You can also browse our support articles here >. Surface Area and Rate of Reaction. Temperature is a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value. Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid solution Place one scoop of magnesium turnings into the test tube. Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form products faster. Graph 1: Rate-reaction trends of magnesium metal ribbon and powder with increasing concentration of HCl, Calculations The higher the concentration of the acid the slower the reaction did not take place. Add 5 drops of potassium iodide solution. Given that, powdered Magnesium metal has a high surface area than equivalent lengths of Magnesium ribbon, we predict that the former will have shorter duration of reaction with hydrochloric acid than the latter. Chemistry for higher tier: New coordinated science. Magnesium (Mg) is known as a chemical element with the atomic number of 12. This method can be used to compare different metals and their reactivity with oxygen by observing the reaction. Measure 40 ml of 3M HCl using a clean dry measuring cylinder and pour into a clean 100 ml conical flask. Repeat step 16 with 2M, 1.5M, 1M, and 0.5M HCL and clearly label your results. Similarly, Gallagher & Ingram (2001) say that the depletion of H+ during the reaction of magnesium and HCl is factor that slows down the reaction as time goes on. I was wondering if you could give me some background information on what goes on in … This is an exothermic reaction, meaning that the forming of the bonds MgCl2 and H2 gives off heat. Record which metal you add to each tube. Registered Data Controller No: Z1821391. Magnesium powder = 16+24+48+89+117/S = 58.8 sec The ratio of the cumulative reaction duration above gives 104.8 sec/58.8 sec = 1.78. Once the PPE was suited up, all the equipment was checked to make sure there was nothing missing, so the experiment didn’t need to be paused just to get more equipment. Add hydrochloric acid slowly and observe the reaction. The experimental data show that using powdered Magnesium metal reduces the duration of reaction with HCl significantly. Hydrochloric acid (HCL) is a strong, colorless mineral acid used with many purposes. Bubbles of hydrogen are formed, together with colourless solutions of beryllium or magnesium sulphate. The increasing of concentration of HCL to react with the magnesium ribbon, consequently speeding up the rate of the reaction. A table of results showing HCl-Magnesium powder reaction duration (seconds) in reducing concentration, Graph Observations: Reactants: Products: Chemical Equation: 9. The student then records the following observations: 1. Determination of end of reaction was sometimes uncertain. … Both liquids are at room temperature. To measure, the effect of each of above factors, one has to hold some factors constant during rate reaction experimentation. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) produces MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g), where the letter "s" stands for solid, "g" is gas and "aq" represents an aqueous solution. Use the average weight as obtained in 15 above and weigh of an equivalent weight of Magnesium powder (for this case 0.102 grams) and pour into the first conical flask containing the 3 M HCl acid, start your stopwatch, and immediately cork the flask to the gas delivery system. Study for free with our range of university lectures! The study variables are summarized in the table below: Table 1 A table of study variables and operationalization of the study variables. previous 1 Next the correct PPE was equipped so if there was an error there was some protection, the equipment that was essential to equip was. Dictionary.com, n.d. THE EFFECT OF SURFACE AREA ON REACTION RATES. magnesium ribbon water dilute hydrochloric acid..... Two experiments were carried out. The temperature was the same in each case. Immediately cork the flask to the prepared gas delivery system. Also when the experiment is set in the ice bath, the reaction time will be much slower than the other temperature sets. The more active an element, the more inclined it is to react with other elements and to displace less active elements in … (2002). “h Pour 10 cm 3 into each test tube and put each of your different lengths of magnesium into each test tube. Make sure you put on your personal protective clothing and safety goggles. Any scientific information contained within this essay should not be treated as fact, this content is to be used for educational purposes only and may contain factual inaccuracies or be out of date. Therefore, the errors were unidirectional therefore consistent. VAT Registration No: 842417633. Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. However, the experimentation had the following inconsistencies as shown the table below. The most rapid gas bubbles were observed in the acid reactions with powdered Magnesium metal. In this Trial you will investigate the reaction of 75ml of hydrochloric acid with 0.5g of magnesium. Preliminary Investigation: Diagram: Method: “h Set out the equipment as shown above. Chemicals and Reagents The following chemicals and reagents were required in the experimentation: Apparatus and personal protection equipment. Powdered solids produces rapid reactions than the same solids in single lumps. Caution: Hydrochloric acid is corrosive. 1. Add a small piece of a different metal to each of the tubes with hydrochloric acid in them. Add a 2–3 cm depth of dilute hydrochloric acid to the first three tubes, and a 2–3 cm depth of dilute sulfuric acid to the remaining three tubes. Will it be a slower reaction with the ice bath? Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form prod… Q. Hi, I was wondering if you could help me with my chemistry experiment, I have conducted an experiment in which I react magnesium ribbon with hydrochloric acid. Author has 525 answers and 1M answer views Hydrochloric acid react with magnesium carbonate to gives us MgCl2,H2O and CO2. How will the magnesium ribbon react to the hydrochloric acid? Retrieved March 8, 2012, from newton.dep.anl.gov: http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem00/, Clark, J. Electrolysis of water Use a U-tube with electrodes at each … 2. Will it have a quicker reaction with a higher temperature. All work is written to order. Reset your stopwatch timer and prepare a gas delivery system including water bath as shown figure one below. How quickly will the magnesium ribbon react to the hydrochloric acid at different temperatures? Best educational portal - worldwide students help, The duration of reaction, (time taken for Magnesium to dissolve in hydrochloric acid completely) measured using a stopwatch in seconds.The rate of gas bubbles. A real-world version of this experiment could be when cooking steak on a barbeque where the higher the temperature the faster the meat will cook. Today magnesium has many uses for example photography, fireworks, bombs and flares. Hess’s Law states that the enthalpy of a reaction is the same, despite the order the steps of the reaction occurred. the higher the temperature the quicker or bigger the chemical reaction is when a magnesium ribbon is drop in the beaker of 25ml of hydrochloric acid. Introduction In the experiment the magnesium reacts with the hydrochloric acid to … The chemical reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. Pick one piece of Magnesium ribbon drop in the first prepared acid in the conical flask and immediately start your stopwatch. Choose only one indicator that signifies end of reaction. Clean the Magnesium ribbon using a sand paper to remove oxides coating its surface. High concentrations imply that more reacting molecules are at high proximity to each other therefore intermolecular collisions are frequent therefore forming products frequently. In acid-base chemical reactions, there are four main variables, which influence the rate of reaction. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the effect of concentration and surface area of reactants on the rate of chemical reactions. Add up the weights of the five 10 cm-long magnesium ribbons and obtain the average weight in grams. The experiment procedure was divided into two related investigations involving equal lengths of Magnesium ribbons and equal amounts of powdered Magnesium metal. It is single replacement because the element magnesium is "replacing" the hydrogen in hydrochloric acid. Table 2. Magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid react to produce magnesium chloride solution and hydrogen: #Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)# What are two observations that could be made during the reaction? Magnesium isn’t just used for entertainment it is also a key nutrient for health. Question: Do you think the balloon will expand to a smaller or larger diameter compared to Trial 3. (a) Complete the boxes to identify the apparatus. For instance hydrogen bubbles block magnesium surface or blow the magnesium to the surface of the acid solution therefore, slowing down the reaction. Secondly, for safety precaution, magnesium ribbon is a flammable solid. Different temperatures can either increase or decrease the speed of the particles in liquids or gases, causing particles to collect more energy, and to collide and creating chemical reactions when temperature is increased. Beryllium and magnesium These are just like the reactions with dilute hydrochloric acid, and you have probably been familiar with the reaction between magnesium and dilute sulphuric acid almost since you started doing chemistry. The magnesium is attacked by the hydrochloric acid resulting in the magnesium dissolving into the solution resulting in a solution of magnesium chloride in hydrochloric acid and the production of hydrogen gas. The experiment will be carried at a room temperature 25 0C. The same steps happened with the other temperatures, which were 60 C, 40 C, the room temperature (22 C) and the ice bath (6 C). Cumulative average of reaction duration of: Caution: hydrochloric acid is corrosive and sodium hydroxide is caustic. Prediction Importantly, suitable acid-base indicators can be used to detect the end of the reaction accurately. Next, place a burning splint near the mouth of the test tube to test for the presence of hydrogen gas. 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