Long before the first Europeans arrived, Indians from as far away as 1,000 miles came to make ceremonial pipes from soft read pipestone carved from sacred quarries. History Minnesota History People have lived on the land that is now Minnesota for at least 10,000 years. Minnesota’s thousands of rivers flow northward via the Red and Rainy rivers to Hudson Bay, eastward through the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean, and southward through the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Most of the state was covered by glaciers several times, and the land’s surface was shaped by the alternate freezing, thawing, and movement of those glaciers. history of Minnesota. St. Paul, MN Omissions? Average seasonal snowfall varies from less than 40 inches (1,000 mm) in the western part of the state to more than 70 inches (1,800 mm) in the northeastern tip. Minnesota is one of the north-central states. In 1854, Saint Paul incorporated as a city and in 1858, Minnesota was admitted to the union with Saint Paul becoming the capital of the 32nd state. Twin Cities filmmaker Dan Whenesota called upon the diehard fanatics in the Land of 10,000 Lakes to help him compile a list of the worst, most devastating moments in our sports history. The state’s rich prairie soils developed on the finely ground mineral materials left by the retreating glaciers. All Rights Reserved. There, streams cut their way through layers of limestone, leaving extensive caverns beneath the surface and steep, rocky bluffs rising high above the valleys. Long-time University of Minnesota coach Les Bolstad and his protégé, Patty Berg, helped to put Minnesota on the professional golf map. (This peculiar protrusion is the result of a boundary agreement with Great Britain before the area had been carefully surveyed.) "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. History of education in Minnesota Contributor Names Kiehle, David L. (David Litchard), 1837-1918. The Social Welfare History Archives collects the records of private-sector social service and social reform organizations and the personal papers of individual leaders in the field. In the northern regions of the state, frost is possible in any month. Professor of Geography, University of Minnesota. Red Lake, Lake of the Woods, and Canada’s Lake Winnipeg are all remnants of this huge body of glacial meltwater. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Average annual precipitation ranges from less than 20 inches (500 mm) in the northwest to more than 30 inches (750 mm) in the southeast. This is not intended to be exhaustive or strictly chronological. Their second wasn’t much worse as they picked Nick Schultz at 33rd overall. The shoreline of Lake Superior, one of the largest freshwater lakes in the world, forms the state’s northeastern border for some 160 miles (260 km). Minnesota Historical Society 345 W. Kellogg Blvd. MINNESOTA BASEBALL CLUB is spelled out in the circle, with the red Twins still in a script across the middle of the baseball. The Minnesota History Center is very well put together and gives a unique hands on interactive walk through time covering off different eras and important historical aspects of Minnesota. Located in the Rocky Mountain region of the western United States, the state’s abundant and varied natural resources attracted the ancient Pueblo peoples and, ...read more, New Hampshire, one of the original 13 colonies, was the first state to have its own state constitution. This is the second part of the history of Interstate Highways in Minnesota. 100 distinguished alumni were selected. Paul) is the major administrative, economic, and cultural hub of Minnesota. General Minnesota State History Humans first came to Minnesota during the last ice age, following herds of large game as glaciers melted. The most fertile soils in Minnesota formed beneath the original grasslands of the south and west and are rich in organic matter and soluble minerals. Updates? Media in category "History of Minnesota" The following 200 files are in this category, out of 277 total. In 1861 Minnesota was the first Northern state to send volunteers to serve in the American Civil War . Average daily maximum temperatures in July range from the mid-80s F (about 29 °C) in southern Minnesota to the low 70s F (about 21 °C) along the shore of Lake Superior. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Record-breaking lows have been known to occur; in 1996 a temperature of −60 °F (−51 °C) was recorded near the northeastern city of Tower. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. A similar number that occurred outside of the state were felt within Minnesota. At least ten earth quakes have taken place within the state during the last 120 years. Co-author of. Prominent geomorphic reminders of this glacial activity are the rolling farmlands, thousands of lakes, steep hillsides, and flat glacial lake and outwash plains that make up Minnesota’s present-day landscape. Audio and video podcasts of lectures from the Minnesota Historical Society. Today, the Minnesota Historical Society welcomes more than 1,086,000 guests each year, along with another 5 million website visits, 208,000 social media followers, and 24,000 members. In northeastern Minnesota there are stream valleys and deep, clear lakes that were scoured by glaciers from the granite bedrock. Many parts of Minnesota have continuous snow cover for at least 90 days, from about mid-December to mid-March. Minnesota Indian tribes lived within the borders of Lake Superior. The largest glacial lake plain (more than 100,000 square miles [260,000 square km]) was formed by Lake Agassiz, which held the meltwaters as the latest glaciers retreated northward some 8,000 years ago. By the end of the 20th century, services had become the dominant activity of Minnesota’s economy, surpassing farming, mining, and manufacturing, which had been the major sources of income for the state since settlement. It's a quick little video about Minnesota. Part One covered the early plans and conceptions of the interstate system, from the 1930s to the Interstate Highway Act of 1956. Minnesota has a long history of golf, opening the first golf course in the Midwest in 1893. I recorded this off of the History Channel. Average daily January highs range from the mid-20s F (about −4 °C) in the south to about 15 °F (−9 °C) in the north; minimums are from about 5 °F (−15 °C) to about −5 °F (−21 °C). Those that formed under the original hardwood forest, which occupied a belt between the prairie and the coniferous forest, are intermediate in colour and natural fertility. Its climate is continental, with cold winters and warm summers. Area 86,935 square miles (225,161 square km). Minnesota is the home of the Mall of America, which holds more than 400 stores and attracts nearly 40 million people a year. Minnesota holds a whopping 11 draft pic The History of Minnesota's 14th Overall Pick purplePTSD is, along with its sister-site VikingsTerritory, the leading local/independent source for Minnesota Vikings content. Split Rock Lighthouse, Two Harbors, Minn. Lake Itasca, Itasca State Park, northwestern Minnesota. Temperature variations in Minnesota occur not only seasonally but also from one part of the state to another. Soils that formed under the original coniferous forest in northeastern Minnesota are light-coloured, acidic, and low in organic matter. Bloomington’s Mall of America, which opened in 1992, is the most visited shopping mall in the United States with roughly 40 million visitors each year. "Having lived in the state through nearly the whole period of Minnesota's political existence, and having taken part in most of the leading events in her history, both savage and civilized, I propose to treat the various subjects that On December 26, 1862, 38 of 303 convicted Dakota Indians were hanged in Mankato in the largest mass execution in American history. The average frost-free periods vary from fewer than 90 days in parts of the north to more than 160 days in parts of the south. The Minnesota Hartford Center for Geriatric Nursing Excellence was established with a one million dollar grant from the John A. Hartford Foundation. Located in the center of the Great Lakes, Michigan is divided into two land masses known as the Upper and Lower Peninsulas. Since the first draft in 2000 they have had some ups and downs. The nearly 5,000 square miles (13,000 square km) of inland fresh water are a dominant feature in Minnesota. Its gently rolling landscape rises slowly as it extends westward from the ...read more, The first Europeans to visit Illinois were the French explorers Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette in 1673, but the region was ceded to Britain after the French and Indian War. With an abundance of ...read more, Colorado, which joined the union as the 38th state in 1876, is America’s eighth largest state in terms of land mass. Minnesota’s terrain stretches from the edge of a subarctic forest to the heart of the Corn Belt. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In 1849, Minnesota became a territory of the United States. The megastructure encompasses 4.2 million square feet—enough space to fit 32 Boeing 747s inside. The map collection of the Minnesota Historical Society consists of over 35,000 individual Minnesota maps and 1,300 atlases, the majority of these for Minnesota and the Midwest. As a Midwestern state, Iowa forms a bridge between the forests of the east and the grasslands of the high prairie plains to the west. The state was very ...read more, Nebraska, which was admitted to the union as the 37th state on March 1, 1867, two years after the end of the American Civil War, contains some of the nation’s best ranchland and farmland. The land that today makes up North Dakota became U.S.territory as part of the Louisiana Purchaseof 1803.The regionwas originally part of the Minnesota and Nebraska territories, until, along with South Dakota, it was organized into the Dakota Territory in 1861. It is bounded by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north, by Lake Superior and the state of Wisconsin to the east, and by the states of Iowa to the south and South Dakota and North Dakota to the west. With her body temperature reduced to 81 degrees Fahrenheit, the girl was able to survive for 10 minutes while the doctors repaired a congenital hole in her heart. Frustrated by the U.S. government’s failure to make treaty payments on time and supply their families with food as promised, a group of warriors killed several settlers, igniting an armed conflict that lasted four months. Minnesota Indian tribes known in history include Dakota, Ojibwa, and Winnebago.These three tribes are of different origin and characteristics. National History Day in Minnesota is a co-curricular program for students in grades 6-12, focusing on historical research and analysis about a topic of their choosing. Did you know that the Centennial Celebration was held in 2009 to honor the School’s rich history? The Minnesota Territory was formalized in 1849 with Saint Paul named as its capital. Check out the part about the skyway system. Minnesota's state flower is the pink-and-white lady's slipper. The majority of Minnesota’s lakes are located in the areas of glacial moraine, where glaciers deposited hills of sand and gravel. The New Orleans Saints and the Minnesota Vikings have a long history, and if you are a Saints fan it’s been a bitter history. Although President Abraham Lincoln commuted the death sentences of 264 convicted Dakota, Congress passed a law expelling all Dakota bands from Minnesota a few months later. Its southward drainage created the wide valley of the Minnesota River, the flow of which eventually reversed as ice blockage to the north melted. On May 11, 1858 Minnesota was admitted to the Union as the … Never just the domain of sailors and outlaws, tattoos have a rich and storied history. The Mackinac Bridge, which connects Michigan’s upper peninsula to the rest of the state, spans ...read more. It became the 32nd state of the union on May 11, 1858. The history of Minnesota tells the tale of the first fur-traders arriving in Two Harbors, Minnesota in 1660 who discovered that the Native American tribes of the Chippewa and … The skyway system in downtown Minneapolis is the world’s largest continuous indoor network of pedestrian pathways, stretching eight miles and connecting 73 blocks—making it possible to sleep, eat, work and shop without ever needing to step foot outside. Minnesota is bounded by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north, by Lake Superior and Wisconsin to the east, by Iowa to the south and South Dakota and North Dakota to the west. Southern Minnesota is hot in the summer. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Minnesota became the 32nd state of the union on May 11, 1858. This brief history of the Minnesota Twins logo shows just how long and illustrious of a history the team has had. Minnesota, constituent state of the United States of America. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Minnesota’s elevations range from 602 feet (184 metres) above sea level at Lake Superior to 2,301 feet (701 metres) above sea level at Eagle Mountain, located about 12 miles (19 km) from the lake’s north shore. https://www.britannica.com/place/Minnesota, Jewish Virtual Library - Minnesota, United States, CRW Flags - Flag of Minnesota, United States, Minnesota - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Minnesota - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Theory and History of Literature (1981-98) is a landmark event in twentieth-century critical thought. When Minnesota became a U.S. state in 1858, its boundaries were cut back from the Missouri River eastward to the Red River. (This peculiar protrusion is the result of a boundary agreement with Great Britain before the area had been carefully surveyed.) Intended to stimulate research and encourage interdisciplinary dialogue, as well as to introduce prominent European theorists to the American academy, this book series is internationally renowned for its foundational literary scholarship. Nickname(s): Land of 10,000 Lakes; North Star State; Gopher State, Motto: L’Étoile du Nord (“Star of the North”), https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/minnesota. at 33rd overall. I worked up there. Population (2010) 5,303,925; (2019 est.) Its spirit of independence is epitomized in the state motto–“Live Free or Die.” New Hampshire was the 9th state to ratify the U.S. Constitution–the final state needed to put ...read more, The territory that would become South Dakota was added to the United States in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase.The first permanent American settlement was established at Fort Pierre by the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1804.White settlement of the territory in the ...read more, Michigan, the Wolverine State, joined the union in 1837. 5,639,632. Prior to its statehood, the Nebraska Territory had been sparsely settled but saw growth ...read more, Iowa was admitted to the union as the 29th state on Dec. 28, 1846. Extreme southeastern Minnesota was the only part of the state to escape glaciation during the last ice age. Through faculty-led seminars, historical and interdisciplinary workshops, and informal graduate-led discussion and dissertation groups, graduate students join a vibrant, intellectual culture at the University of Minnesota's Department of After the American Revolution, Illinois became a territory of the United States, and achieved ...read more, Bordered by the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north and the U.S. states of Montana and Wyoming to the east, Utah and Nevada to the south, and Oregon and Washington to the west, Idaho is twice as large as the six New England states combined. Minnesota’s nickname is the “Land of 10,000 Lakes.” A more precise moniker would be the “Land of 11,842 Lakes.”. Minnesota Mysteries: A History of Unexplained Wonders, Eccentric Characters, Preposterous Claims & Baffling Occurrences in the Land of 10,000 Lakes Ben Welter 4.0 out of 5 stars 20 A small extension of the northern boundary makes Minnesota the most northerly of the 48 conterminous U.S. states. St. Paul is the state capital, and the Twin Cities region (Minneapolis–St. © 2021 A&E Television Networks, LLC. The southern part of the former lake bed lies along the Minnesota–North Dakota border and is known as the Red River valley. A small extension of the northern boundary makes Minnesota the most northerly of the 48 conterminous U.S. states. Minnesota Historical Society. This is a … A deep dive into the drafting history of the Minnesota Wild. Indeed, Minnesota received its name from the Dakota (Sioux) word for the Mississippi’s major tributary in the state, the Minnesota River, which means “Sky-Tinted Water.”. Minnesota consists of extensive woodlands, fertile prairies, and innumerable lakes—the last the basis for one of the state’s nicknames, “Land of 10,000 Lakes.” Minnesota actually has about 12,000 lakes, all of which are larger than 10 acres (4 hectares) in area. Lakes more than 100 square miles (260 square km) in area include Red Lake, Mille Lacs Lake, Leech Lake, Lake Winnibigoshish, Lake of the Woods, and Rainy Lake. The Minnesota History Center — with marvelous facilities for exhibits, programs, library and collections — opened in 1992. Over the next two decades, numerous immigrants from northern European countries such as Germany and Sweden settled in Minnesota. Lake of the Woods on the U.S.-Canadian border. Minnesota, constituent state of the United States of America. Minnesota’s fans of baseball, basketball, football, and hockey keep coming back, season after season, year after year. It became the 32nd state of the union on May 11, 1858. A small extension of the northern boundary makes it the most northerly of the 48 conterminous U.S. states. Historical Maps of Minnesota are a great resource to help learn about a place at a particular point in time.Minnesota Maps are vital historical evidence but must be interpreted cautiously and carefully. Researchers from all communities and disciplines are invited to contact the archives about using these materials. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. The first successful open heart surgery was performed on a 5-year-old girl on September 2, 1952, by Dr. Floyd John Lewis and Dr. Clarence Walton Lillehei at the University of Minnesota. This is the first part of a new series on the history of Minnesota's highway system. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Minnesota became the 32nd state of the union on May 11, 1858. The former have ranged in = 2.6 to 4.8. 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