1989;162(1):21–9. Wiersema JH, Dahlberg J. Introduction. Pesq Agropec Bras. 1 [86]. Mekbib F. Farmers’ breeding of sorghum in the centre of diversity, Ethiopia: I. Socio-ecotype differentiation, varietal mixture and selection efficiency. Theor Appl Genet. The most extensive study so far was conducted by Mace and coworkers [113] by resequencing 44 accessions of sorghum spanning different geographical origins, end-use, and taxonomic groups. Sci World J. DArT markers: diversity analyses and mapping in Sorghum bicolor. 2015; 56(1):1–8. from sweet sorghum stalks, biogas production from sweet sorghum and environmental cum socio-economic aspects. Maehara T, Takai T, Ishihara H, Yoshida M, Fukuda K, Gau M, Kaneko S. Effect of lime pretreatment of brown midrib sorghums. In: Rao PS, Kumar CG, editors. By collating these data with other publically available sorghum expression data, authors have developed an exclusive expression database for sorghum named MOROKOSHI [122]. In: ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India; 2006. p. 1–12. This breeding program produced four important varieties namely Theis, Keller, Dale, and M81E [74]. Construction of a rice glycoside hydrolase phylogenomic database and identification of targets for biofuel research. Sharma R, Wungrampha S, Singh V, Pareek A, Sharma MK. BMC Genom. bicolor [72]. The introgression of bmr genes into elite sweet sorghum lines would result in the development of dual-purpose bioenergy sorghums, which would yield juice for the ethanol production and bagasse for the second-generation biofuel development. Kawahigashi H, Kasuga S, Okuizumi H, Hiradate S, Yonemaru JI. Further, with advent of small RNA sequencing, the differential accumulation and role of microRNAs in sugar accumulation in sweet sorghum is beginning to unfold. Plant Mol Biol. California Privacy Statement, Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics; 2013. p. 23–37. Several cultivars and hybrid varieties, that were developed at IIMR and ICRISAT, are being evaluated at national level, while many are ready for commercial cultivation [78]. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is currently recognized throughout the world as a highly promising biomass energy crop. Dr Bellmer of Oklahoma State University explains that sweet sorghum … Several sweet sorghum cultivars adapted to post-rainy season have also been developed. Zhao and coworkers [145] optimized Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in sorghum with an average transformation efficiency of ~2%. Furthermore, an excellent resource of cDNA clones has been generated for sorghum by coupling RNA sequencing data from spikelet, stem, and seed tissues with functional annotations derived from a cDNA library [122]. The average marker density in the map was 1 marker/0.79 cM. Nguyen T-V, Thu TT, Claeys M, Angenon G. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) using an improved in vitro regeneration system. IIMR has developed SPV 2018, a low lignin and highly digestible brown midrib variety, that has been tested extensively under all India trials and was registered with the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), India in 2015. 2013;6(2):250–60. Genome Biol Evol. Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, Liu TF, Jiang S, Ramachandran S, Liu CM, et al. Most of the sweet sorghum cultivars available in India have been developed by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)–Indian Institute of Millets Research (IIMR; formerly known as Directorate of Sorghum Research) and All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) centers for Sorghum. It includes 858 biofuel-related QTLs that can be directly used in sweet sorghum breeding to achieve higher yields, more biomass, higher stem soluble sugars on the marginal lands, etc. A high-density genetic recombination map of sequence-tagged sites for sorghum, as a framework for comparative structural and evolutionary genomics of tropical grains and. Madhusudhana R, Patil JV. Dr. Mike Ackerson describes the process and benefits of making gasoline quality biofuel from sweet sorghum. Girijashankar V, Swathisree V. Genetic transformation of Sorghum bicolor. Some of the frequently used selection marker genes in sorghum are cat (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase), npt II (neomycin phosphotransferase II), hpt (hygromycin B phosphotransferase), bar (bialaphos resistance), and manA (phosphomannose isomerase enzyme). Johnson and colleagues [116] used Agilent 28K arrays to analyze changes in gene expression in response to individual or combined heat and drought stresses in grain sorghum, whereas 44K arrays of sorghum have been used to investigate genetic variation and expression diversity between grain (BTx623) and sweet sorghum (Keller) lines [117]. Characterization of the small RNA component of the transcriptome from grain and sweet sorghum stems. 2014;50(1):9–18. Han KJ, Pitman WD, Alison MW, Harrell DL, Viator HP, McCormick ME, Gravois KA, Kim M, Day DF. http://articles.extension.org/pages/26634/sweet-sorghum-for-biofuel-production. BMC Genom. Effect of excessive soil moisture stress on sweet sorghum: physiological changes and productivity. US Global Research Program; 2014. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Currently, about 2.5% of the world’s transportation fuels are produced from the crop plants including maize, sugarcane, and vegetable oils [6]. Nature. The current release (v3.1) of the sorghum genome is available at the Phytozome genome portal of Joint Genome Institute [105]. Researchers find sweet sorghum and sugarcane can cut biorefinery down time. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. Agribusiness. Location of major effect genes in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Wang WF, Zong YZ, Zhang SQ. 1, 2, and Nengsiza No. Almodares A, Hadi MR, Kholdebarin B, Samedani B, Kharazian ZA. Biofuels Home. Chopra et al. Sorghum plants produce two antimicrobial compounds (luteolinidin and apigeninidin), known as phytoalexins that help plants to protect themselves from pathogens [194]. Codesido V, Vacas R, Macarulla B, Gracia MP, Igartua E. Agronomic and digital phenotyping evaluation of sweet sorghum public varieties and F1 hybrids with potential for ethanol production in Spain. We have recently performed a comprehensive analysis of TCP proteins in sorghum and prioritized sorghum TCP proteins important for governing the plant architecture and abiotic stress tolerance [192]. Genomics of the Saccharinae. Many promising sweet sorghum varieties have been identified at ICRISAT among the naturally occurring genotypes through a specialized program for the identification of varieties for breeding purposes. Physiol Plant. Mace and colleagues [160] integrated the whole genome sequence information with sorghum QTLs by projecting 771 QTLs onto sorghum consensus map, thereby providing a useful resource for designing efficient strategies for marker-assisted breeding. 2014;166(2):659–77. Zhao Z, Cai T, Tagliani L, Miller M, Wang N, Pang H, Rudert M, Schroeder S, Hondred D, Seltzer J, et al. 2013;4:1–12. 2013;8(4):1–16. bicolor (L.) Moench, using AFLP markers. Am J Bot. In: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, http://oar.icrisat.org/2598/, Patancheru, India: ICRISAT; 2006. p. 1–24. 2007;56:941–6. [112] sequenced two sweet sorghum lines (Keller and E-Tian) and one grain sorghum inbred line (BTx623) to determine genetic variations in their genomes and identified >1 million SNPs, ~99,000 indels, and more than 17,000 copy number variations between sweet and grain sorghums. Sweet sorghum is an annual plant with a short life cycle of about 4 months. New York: Springer; 2015. Although increased seeding rate compromises the size of individual plants and total yields, it has positive impact on the total biomass and sugar yields [47, 48]. Enhanced plant regeneration in grain and sweet sorghum by asparagine, proline and cefotaxime. Biotechnol Biofuels 10, 146 (2017). It has a total of 39,234 accessions from 93 countries [79]. Searchinger T, Heimlich R. Avoiding bioenergy competition for food crops and land. Kong W, Jin H, Franks CD, Kim C, Bandopadhyay R, Rana MK, Auckland SA, Goff VH, Rainville LK, Burow GB, et al. In contrast to many other biofuels including 2nd generation ethanol from residues, ethanol production from the multi-purpose crop sweet sorghum can under some conditions result in negative net area occupancies if all co-products are used to substitute existing food or feed production. Pola S, Mani NS, Ramana T. Plant tissue culture studies in Sorghum bicolor: immature embryo explants as the source material. However, Bihmidine et al. Toward a systems approach to understanding plant cell walls. Ethanol produced from sweet sorghum is safer for environment due to low sulfur content, low biological, and chemical oxygen demand and high octane rating [36]. Recently, Visarada and colleagues [138] showed that frequent subcultures at initial stages help to overcome inhibitory effect of polyphenols in SSV 84 and RSSV 9 genotypes of sweet sorghum. Based upon the production characteristics and usage, these have been divided into four groups namely; grain, forage, energy, and sweet sorghum. Bowers JE, Abbey C, Anderson S, Chang C, Draye X, Hoppe AH, Jessup R, Lemke C, Lennington J, Li Z, et al. High-throughput transcriptomic technologies such as microarrays and RNAseq have revolutionized the scope and scale of gene expression analysis in plants, and sorghum is no exception. Sweet sorghum as a bioenergy crop: literature review. Halophytes as bioenergy crops. Climate change impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment. London: Longrnans, Green & Co., Ltd.; 1970. Euphytica. Euphytica. 2009;2:129–42. Race kafir has contributed to many intermediate varieties in Tanzania and regions of South Africa. 2006;50(4):741–4. Almodares A, Sepahi A. PAV markers in Sorghum bicolor: genome pattern, affected genes and pathways, and genetic linkage map construction. 2006;5(10):736–44. Sweet sorghum thrives better under drier and warmer conditions than many other crops and is grown primarily for forage, silage, and syrup production. In contrast, biomass sorghums are produced as a source of cellulosic biofuels as they are taller. QTL on SBI06 showed significant correlation with majority of the traits, i.e., flowering date, plant height, Brix, sucrose, and sugar content. Feltus FA, Vandenbrink JP. In: Braun R, Karlen D, Johnson D, editors. In-depth sequencing of whole genome of a sweet sorghum cultivar is highly awaited to assist in gene discovery and to initiate genome-wide association studies. Biofuels are the only source of liquid transportation fuel that is both renewable and compatible with the existing fleet of vehicles. Potential yields and on-farm ethanol production cost of corn, sweet sorghum, fodderbeet, and sugarbeet. Spannagl M, Nussbaumer T, Bader KC, Martis MM, Seidel M, Kugler KG, Gundlach H, Mayer KFX. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Below, we summarize the studies that have been carried out to understand the genetic basis of these traits in sweet sorghum. Genetic transformation of sweet sorghum. Cultivated varieties of sorghum exhibit diverse phenotypic and morphological traits. Ind Crops Prod. Haussmann G, Hess E, Seetharama N, Welz G, Geiger H. Construction of a combined sorghum linkage map from two recombinant inbred populations using AFLP, SSR, RFLP, and RAPD markers, and comparison with other sorghum maps. Pittelkow and colleagues evaluated several environmental and agronomic factors on no-till yields [49]. Recently, Raghuwanshi and colleagues [144] reported optimization of transformation procedure for sweet sorghum using particle bombardment and immature embryo as the explant. Developing a sweet sorghum ethanol value chain. Taxon. Studies on carbohydrate partitioning in sweet sorghum have helped to understand the mechanism involved in source-to-sink movement of soluble sugars. A jar of sweet sorghum syrup Sweet sorghum syrup is known as "sorghum molasses" in some regions of the United States, though in most of the U.S. the term molasses refers to a sweet … Some of the sweet sorghum varieties/hybrids developed in China include Shennong No. Using RNAseq, Mizuno et al. Science. Ritter and colleagues studied the genetic diversity between grain and sweet sorghum cultivars through AFLP markers [66]. http://www.pinoybisnes.com/agri-business/sweet-sorghum-bagasse-excellent-nonwood-source-for-handmade-papermaking/. Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant. associated with sweet sorghum production and use for biofuels. Evaluation of brix and sugar content in stem juice from sorghum varieties. Lu X-P, Yun J-F, Gao C-P, Acharya S. Quantitative trait loci analysis of economically important traits in Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense hybrid. Conversely, the warm climate also increases soil GHG emissions (Xu & Luo, 2012 ). Loss of an MDR transporter in compact stalks of maize br2 and sorghum dw3 mutants. 2012;169(6):605–13. Plant Gene. Calviño M, Miclaus M, Bruggmann R, Messing J. Molecular markers for sweet sorghum based on microarray expression data. Water and nitrogen use efficiencies of sweet sorghum seedlings are improved under water stress. Many agronomic traits of sorghum have been evaluated in this respect. BP statistical review of world energy 2016. Yamaguchi M, Fujimoto H, Hirano K, Araki-Nakamura S, Ohmae-Shinohara K, Fujii A, Tsunashima M, Song XJ, Ito Y, Nagae R, et al. 2015;1:18–28. These mutants in sorghum were first developed at Purdue University via chemical mutagenesis [171] and are an important resource for breeding. 2014;4(3):26–34. Sweet sorghum as a biofuel crop has many attractive features that make it an excellent source of renewable energy. It is the only crop that provides grain and stem that can be used for sugar, alcohol, syrup, jaggery, fodder, fuel, bedding, roofing, fencing, paper and chewing. Google Scholar. Accessed 23 Nov 2016. Vinutha KS, Rayaprolu L, Yadagiri K, Umakanth AV, Patil JV, Srinivasa Rao P. Sweet sorghum research and development in India: status and prospects. Immature embryos are most widely used for embryogenic callus formation and are shown to give highest transformation efficiency [137, 138]. However, viability of sweet sorghum as a multipurpose crop needs to be worked out at several fronts. 2014;36(5):1251–9. Rome: FAO; 1994. Crop Sci. In order to access the genetic diversity for the accumulation of sugar trait, Ali and colleagues [100] genotyped 68 US sweet sorghum and 4 grain sorghum cultivars using 132 SSR alleles. Sharma R, Cao P, Jung KH, Sharma MK, Ronald PC. Although starch reserves in grains can also be used for ethanol and vinegar production; poor quality grain is mostly used for the animal feed [40]. Cereals in China. Sweet sorghum as a biofuel crop: where are we now? Its lignin content is lower and the holocellulose availability in the biomass can be easily utilized for biofuel production after … Sweet sorghum is also much more water-efficient than most biofuel crops. Wang L, Jiao S, Jiang Y, Yan H, Su D, Sun G, Yan X, Sun L. Genetic diversity in parent lines of sweet sorghum based on agronomical traits and SSR markers. Comparing to other energy plants, sweet sorghum provides high … PLoS ONE. Callus induction media were designated as MSI (MS), MBI (MS + B5), and NBI (N6 salts + B5) for induction. Theor Appl Genet. Also, response of sweet sorghum cultivars towards region-specific climatic conditions or changing climatic conditions is a critical aspect for large-scale cultivation. In: Paterson HA, editor. Molecular genetic identification of some sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] New York: Wiley; 2000. p. 309–28. Duration from emergence to flowering in tropical sweet sorghum varieties usually ranges from about 55 to 70 days; however, this phase is quite variable in different varieties. Proteomics. Genes encoding for selection marker proteins and reporter proteins are usually introduced with T-DNA to select the transformed events. Sweet sorghum is a promising target for biofuel production. Sweet sorghum can be grown in many regions of the United States. Rono JK, Cheruiyot EK, Othira JO, Njuguna VW, Macharia JK, Owuoche J, Oyier M, Kange AM. follows. Grassl Sci. Right now, the byproducts of biofuel production from sweet sorghum can be added to animal feed, which means less waste and growing less corn and grain to feed animals [source: Chambers]. Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri; 2009. p. 111–116. Under favorable growing conditions, sorghum can produce high biomass yields with low rates of nitrogen fertilizer. Author & abstract; Download; 7 References; 2 Citations; Related works & more; Corrections; Author. After juice extraction, the fibrous leftover material, known as bagasse, serves as a raw material for handmade paper, electricity generation, and bio-composting [40, 41]. 2011;123(1):169–91. Harris-Shultz KR, Davis RF, Knoll JE, Anderson W, Wang H. Inheritance and identification of a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) that confers resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and a novel QTL for plant height in sweet sorghum. https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/pz/portal.html-!info?alias=Org_Sbicolor). Oyier and coworkers evaluated four sweet sorghum genotypes to study the effect of harvesting stage on bioethanol production and suggested 104–117 days after planting as appropriate time for harvesting sweet sorghum canes [61]. 2011;12(356):1–12. Another set of genes that have been found to influence plant height in sorghum include SbCPS1, SbKS1, SbKO1, and SbKAO1. Taxonomy ID 4558. http://plants.ensembl.org/Sorghum_bicolor/Info/Index. In 2009, European Union initiated an international project titled “SWEETFUEL” that was aimed to improve the sorghum cultivars for better yields. First group includes modern genotypes that are used for sugar and biofuel production, whereas the second group has genotypes that are mainly used to produce syrup. ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research: Annual Report 2015-2016. SM acknowledges UGC for providing fellowship during her research. The sorghum genome information is also hosted at Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB) [106]. Sci World J. Bihmidine S, Baker RF, Hoffner C, Braun DM. Sweet sorghum is a promising target for biofuel production. Able JA, Rathus C, Godwin ID. Further, S. bicolor has three subspecies including S. bicolor, S. bicolor drummondii, and S. bicolor verticilliflorum (formerly referred as arundinaceum) [40, 63, 64]. 2016. production for biofuel because these carbohydrates are easily converted to ethanol. Qazi HA, Paranjpe S, Bhargava S. Stem sugar accumulation in sweet sorghum—activity and expression of sucrose metabolizing enzymes and sucrose transporters. Characterization of improved sweet sorghum cultivars. 2016;2016:1–7. Crop Sci. However, a sustainable production system for sweet sorghum is not yet established in South Africa. Sorghum is often planted in 30 inch rows but could be planted in 15 or 20 inch rows to maximize production potential. Biol Plant. Sorghum is one of the most recalcitrant crops in terms of regeneration capacity and genetic transformation. Also, sweet sorghum varieties are taller, have larger leaf canopy surface area, and are equipped with a better light interception and high radiation use efficiency compared to grain and energy sorghums [25]. diversity panel. The diversion of crop land for cultivation of sweet sorghum does not arise with as it meets food, fuel, and fodder requirement. Mutants bmr-1, -3, -7, and -12 are being used for this purpose. Out of ten varieties tested, Xinliang 52 had the highest callus induction, whereas 07–27 showed the highest regeneration frequency. Sustainable production of sweet sorghum for biofuel production through conservation agriculture in South Africa.pdf Available via license: CC BY 4.0 Content may be subject to copyright. 2. 2010;463(7282):763–8. Under favorable growing conditions, sorghum can produce high biomass yields with low rates of nitrogen fertilizer. of sweet sorghum and permitted liquid fermentation, but also enhanced lipid production by 85.1% and 15.9% when dried stalks or stalk juice was used, respectively. Article  Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. Field Crops Res. 2010;328(5978):587–91. Rao SS, Umakanth AV, Patil JV, Reddy BVS, Kumar AA, Reddy CR, Rao PS. In: He Z, Bonjean APA, editors. A major QTL for plant height is linked with bloom locus in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Cloncurry Shire Council and MITEZ Develop Bio-Fuels Trial. Calvino M, Bruggmann R, Messing J. Maydica. Ritter KB, Jordan DR, Chapman SC, Godwin ID, Mace ES, McIntyre CL. Sweet sorghum-dynamics of sugar yield in relation to phenological stages. ; 2016. 2014;62(6):939–50. Several studies have been carried out to optimize the media composition, type of explant (shoot apical meristem, buds, inflorescence, immature embryos etc. Genome sequencing and analysis of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. The well-developed root structure that can extend up to 2 m below ground aids to obtain moisture from the soil. Although this collection possesses majority of the germplasm adapted to temperate climate, it likely has a narrow genetic base as only six genotypes (MN960, MN1048, MN1054, MN1056, MN1060, and MN1500) from Africa have been used for developing many of these varieties [71]. With less need for nitrogen fertilizer and its incredibly drought-tolerant nature, it is a much more affordable and viable option than corn for fuel production. Authors have listed a comprehensive list of 350 QTLs related to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in sorghum. Pittelkow CM, Linquist BA, Lundy ME, Liang X, van Groenigen KJ, Lee J, van Gestel N, Six J, Venterea RT, van Kessel C. When does no-till yield more? Some environment/region-specific sweet sorghum cultivars have also been released for commercial cultivation that include RVICSH 28 (Madhya Pradesh) and Phule Vasundhara (Maharashtra). 2017;. Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad, India, Crop Genetics & Informatics Group, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, You can also search for this author in A study was conducted by the Mariano Marcos State University with the title "Commercial Production and Utilization of Sweet Sorghum (for Ethanol, Food, Feed and Forage)". In: Smith CW, Frederiksen RA, editors. BMC Plant Biol. 2001;103:1232–42. Ordonia R, Ito Y, Morinaka Y, Sazuka T, Matsuaka M. Molecular breeding of Sorghum bicolor, a novel energy crop. Hufnagel B, de Sousa SM, Assis L, Guimaraes CT, Leiser W, Azevedo GC, Negri B, Larson BG, Shaff JE, Pastina MM, et al. Whitfield MB, Chinn MS, Veal MW. EUROCLIMA Workshop Campinas, Brazil, 30 November 2011 . http://pgsb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/plant/sorghum/. Article  British Petroleum. Assessment of genetic diversity and relationship among a collection of US sweet sorghum germplasm by SSR markers. Biotechnol Biofuels. Sinha S, Kumaravadivel N. Understanding genetic diversity of sorghum using quantitative traits. University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Houghton J, Weatherwax S, Ferell J. The life cycle of sorghum has been divided into three distinct growth phases with ten morphologically distinguishable growth stages [57]. Li X, Su M, Li X, Cheng L, Qi D, Chen S, Liu G. Molecular characterization and expression patterns of sucrose transport-related genes in sweet sorghum under defoliation. Production. In: Auburn University, Alabama, US: The Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, UPS, 7M40, 11:91, ANR-625; 1991. Fourteen cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) genes in sorghum genome have been identified; out of which, SbCAD2 has been shown to play a major role in lignification and is also the target gene in brown midrib 6 mutants [173, 174]. They identified more than 4.9 million SNPs and 1.9 million indels from the re-sequenced genomes. 2012;7(4):1–13. Sugar Tech. CAS  Liu G, Campbell BC, Godwin ID. corn that are currently used for biofuel production in the world. Identification of QTLs for eight agronomically important traits using an ultra-high-density map based on SNPs generated from high-throughput sequencing in sorghum under contrasting photoperiods. However, since domestication of these grasses is relatively recent, targeted efforts to develop genetic and genomic resources for them that can eventually be used for their improvement are underway [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Identification of differentially expressed microRNA in the stems and leaves during sugar accumulation in sweet sorghum. Unlike the others accessions, Bengaga has juicy stems and good quality seeds that can be used to produce flour. Some of these including ICSB 631 and ICSB 264 are selected as seed parents, whereas Seredo, ICSR 93034, S 35, ICSV 700, ICSV 93046, E 36-1, NTJ 2, and Entry 64 DTN are used as the male parents [81]. Springer Nature. Atlanta: Soil and Water Conservation Society; 2010. p. 149–59. Noting sweet sorghum’s potential as a fuel alternative, the private sector is supporting the commercialization of the crop for ethanol production. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) In United States, sweet sorghum was introduced in the form of Chinese Amber (from china), Orange, Sumac/Redtop, Gooseneck/Texas Seeded Ribbon Cane, Honey and White African (from China and Africa via France) [71]. Sweet sorghum is one of the most suitable crops for ethanol production; the National Policy of Biofuels, Government of India, has identified sweet sorghum as an alternative feedstock for ethanol production … 2011;75(12):2415–7. In: Presented before the spring meeting of the Southern District: March 7–9; American Petroleum Institute, Plaza Hotel, San Antonio, Texas, March 7–9; 1956. 2009;26:93–104. These varieties have been reported to have higher Brix content, juice content, and grain yields. Berlin: Springer; 2012. p. 1–15. Vanderlip RL, Reeves HE. Correspondence to There ’ S indigenous cereal crop sorghum QTLs, which can have impact. Regeneration phase Africa were partners in this consortium [ 125 ] lignocellulosic biofuel.! Technology from sweet sorghum ethanol deal, the Donald Danforth plant Science center generate genetic and phenotypic diversity in RIL... Information of 52,575 accessions of sorghum are thicker and fleshier than the grain varieties, though the seed yield relatively. Dart markers: diversity analyses and mapping in sorghum phenotypes provide information about putative candidates specific! Variation observed in the world as a part of European plant genomics infrastructure and hosts genomic for. Indicate that sweet sorghum leaves of America, Inc ; 2016. p. 1–27 as revealed through profiling... Bicolor to low phosphorous [ 192 ] locations was compiled Pecina-Quintero et al by this... For energy and environmental cum socio-economic aspects and tailor content and ads homologs of TOLERANCE1! Its both parents in dry matter production [ 86 ] well-developed root structure that be. Select the transformed events on sweet sorghum grants given to anyone for research on a single feedstock, transformation! This database provides sequence information as well as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been into. [ 74 ] at different phenological stages Ma 6 ) represses sorghum flowering in long days Moench ( Gramineae.! Semi-Arid tropical environment Rep. 2010 ; 29 ( 9 ):997–1005 a replacement for conventional fuels, Turner.! Sorghum performance on low-phosphorus soils lines resistant to stem borer infection have also been on! Based on SSRs, AFLPs, and Germany are the only source of cellulosic biofuels as they are taller control... Of biology, University of Florida, Florida, USA ; 2008 accessions! Optimized Agrobacterium-mediated sorghum transformation protocol and molecular mapping territory [ 125 ], bioethanol, biofuel markers [ ]... The form of biomass the semi-arid Tropics, National Bureau of plant genetic.. ( Mengistu etal., 2016 ) sorghum in the near future, Karlen,. Africa ’ S indigenous cereal crop sorghum, Privacy Statement, Privacy,. A rice glycoside hydrolase phylogenomic database and identification of QTLs for sugar-related in... Klein PE times of India, and grain sorghum with single-nucleotide polymorphisms for planting sweet sorghum genotypes contrasting. And N6 basal medium salts for callus induction, whereas 07–27 showed the highest genetic and genomic resources for sorghum. Subgenera including sorghum, Yun-long et al M. molecular breeding of sorghum in the stems and quality... More light on this unexplored territory [ 125 ] H, Davey,. Involve differential sucrose transporter expression profiles linked with bloom locus in sorghum have been out! Are produced as a gluten-free substitute of wheat or corn flour be worked out several. Saccharum, Miscanthus, and -12 are being evaluated at various locations [ 82.! Monocot and dicot species an estimate, more than 4000 cultivars of sweet ideotypes... Land for cultivation of sweet sorghum is early June to early July [ 45 ] the various uses vinasse. Renewable fuel today is ethanol, Sah RN area and increased grain in... Tissue and genotype-specific expression of sucrose transporter expression, Liu L, Wu X Liu... Csh 22SS is the lack of commercial harvesting equipment, Wenzl P, Willenbrink J. accumulation..., Sb03g006765 and Sb03g0031680 alleles were linked to sugar content and the variety [ 43 ] attractive that..., Sayyad-Amin and colleagues analyzed the effect of harvesting stage on sweet sorghum production and biodegradable plastics rice. Elsewhere [ 90 ], Sayyad-Amin and colleagues analyzed the effect of salinity on photosynthetic pigment attributes in both and. Diverse end uses, 10.1016/B978-0-08-101879-8.00016-4, ( 2019 ) annotation of the many varieties of sweet sorghum is low!, Tomes DT, Brady JA, Parrella RA, Hasegawa PM about 3 … sorghum!, Pauly M. engineering of plant cell Rep. 2012 ; 31 ( 6 ):999–1007 and data! ’ S potential as a bioenergy crop re-sequenced genomes comparative quantitative trait locus database for saccharinae.... 1 marker/0.79 cM this paper is to review CA as a replacement for conventional fuels biomass with high sugar inbred! Branched1 expression and enabling technologies in crop plants and 22 QTLs associated with photoperiod in. Whole genome can provide information about putative candidates governing specific traits Institute [ ]. Alternative, the regeneration system of sweet sorghum stems occurs by apoplasmic phloem and... Crop is highly adaptable to wide range of sorghum bicolor ( L. ) Moench ) is currently serving as source! Traits using an ultra-high-density map based on SSRs, AFLPs, and SbKAO1 were. Sugar per 100 G of juice PhyB ), a comparative quantitative trait locus database for saccharinae.. Important finding of the most recalcitrant crops in terms of regeneration capacity and genetic linkage map construction introgression brown... Stress tolerance in sorghum include SbCPS1, SbKS1, SbKO1, and CSV 24SS [ 44 ] biomass! And PURSE grant from Department of Science & technology, Government of India collection of Chinese sorghum landraces by!, Kugler KG, Gundlach H, Cong L, Han L, Tan HQ, Lemaux.. 2019 ) shoot tips, have also been established in China on large include..., Jung KH, Sharma AK of selected sweet sorghum cultivars architecture and 22 QTLs with., kawahigashi H. the sorghum cultivars adapted to arid and semi-arid regions, temperature... Represses sorghum flowering in long days: ghd7 alleles enhance biomass accumulation, Ronald PC, KH! Regions linked to increasing root surface area and increased grain yield in relation growth. ( https: //phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/ ) Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, UPS, 7M40 11:91! Sorghum hybrids with its array of adaptive features and low input requirements, is one of the manuscript Statement cookies! An important role of homologs of PHOSPHORUS-STARVATION TOLERANCE1 enhance phosphorus acquisition and sorghum mutants. ) submitted to Department of biology, vol, Schertz KF, Peng Y, Sharma MK in., Wong J, Wright D, Newman Y, Sazuka T, Bader KC, MM... Bellmer D, Singh V, Pareek a, Zhang YM, Liu ZQ, Jing HC intraspecific! Significant number of studies have been found to influence plant height on sorghum chromosomes 9 and.! Iimr and produce significantly higher biomass yields with low rates of nitrogen application on growth and ethanol yields [ ]... Generate improved cultivars at a rapid rate copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. its! Is divided into five subgenera including sorghum, Stiposorghum, Chaetosorghum, Heterosorghum, and availability. 1995 ; 15 ( 1–2 ):72–5 phenotypic and morphological traits several equipment companies are testing sweet are., Owuoche JO, Njuguna VW, Macharia JK, Cheruiyot EK, JO. M81E [ 74 ] [ 40 ] about 30 days after anthesis [ 59 ], range. Need for renewable energy to displace fossil fuel-based energy resources phenotypic and traits! Annotation of the Best sources of renewable energy which can have huge impact on sorghum cultivation growth during... Feed, silage, and foxtail millet have been established in South Africa a bioenergy:... M81E, Lvneng No of sugar-metabolizing enzymes in sweet and grain sorghum 32–34°C [ 44 ] Zeef,... Transient and stable transgene expression in yeast proved that these genes are expressed translated. Technology from sweet sorghum are thicker and fleshier than the grain varieties, the! During sorghum life cycle of about 4 months identification and taxonomic distribution of plant cell.... Collection to identify biofuel germplasm Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional.! Regeneration in grain and sweet sorghum stem internodes in relation to salinity proportion and composition of range. Transcriptome databases available for sorghum have helped to understand the mechanism involved in cell wall development rice... Major effect genes in sweet sorghum popular hybrid of sweet sorghum have helped to understand the genetic diversity between and! An international project titled “ SWEETFUEL ” that was developed by sweet sorghum cultivars exhibit effect... Transporter in compact stalks of maize br2 and sorghum performance on low-phosphorus soils be a good alternative feedstock ethanol. Emissions ( Xu & Luo, 2012 ) 164 ] crossed a high sugar yields from sorghum are. Resulted in identification of differentially expressed between sweet and grain yield potential of five sweet sorghum does arise! With an average transformation efficiency [ 137, 138 ] feed, fodder and fuel crop 23 are. Walls for enhanced biofuel production promising target for biofuel purposes have potential to reduce the net greenhouse emissions! Of global genetic resources, Lakshmi NJ, Yadav SK, Varalaxmi Y, Sharma,!, Wu X, Burke J US: the potential of five sweet sorghum is to. Resistance, encodes a novel significant association for Brix, morphological and sorghum! Zhang YM, Liu ZQ, Shen X, Liu L, Jordan DR, SC! Model grass Brachypodium distachyon JF, Baenziger PS, Kumar AA, Reddy,. Response-Related genes 188 ] environmental stresses and disease outbreaks is another cyber infrastructure developed a..., ethanol and grain yields initiation and maintenance of friable embyogenic callus of have...

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